After the production of articaine (initially termed carticaine) in 1969, a new era of impression and inspiration in dental field research began, which had been static from mid-1950s. Articaine was created in Germany. It was later approved and applied clinically within Europe in 1976 and later within Canada in 1982. Articaine is a productive amide with local anaesthetic effects, as it possesses a thiophene ring. Since articaine has a thiophene ring within its structure, it permits a higher level of diffusion through the lipid membranes in the body as well as a higher efficiency due to the fact that a great deal of neurons can be affected. Articaine is a unique anaesthetic that has both amide and ester groups, which help the hydrolisation of non-specific enzymes such as the esterase enzyme. In a comparative evaluation of articaine vs lidocaine via checking the amount needed for the same effect, articaine had an intermediate level of potency. By considering the physical and chemical structure of articaine, it has a protein binding capacity of 94%. Articaine is processed in the blood by a cholinesterase enzyme that reside within the plasma. Hydrolysis is the metabolic process that metabolises articaine into its non-active component named articainic acid, which is partially processed within the kidneys into articainic acid and articainic glucuronide. This anaesthetic is mainly eliminated via the urine as articainic acid as well as articainic glucuronide along with the initial anaesthetic. This anaesthetic terminates the propagation of nerve impulses by interacting with the alpha subunit of the sodium channels, which are voltage-gated. Adhering of articaine to these voltage-gated channels that influx sodium ion decreases the amount of sodium ions flowing into the cell, therefore the threshold value is substantially increased and thus nerve action potential will not happen, which leads to the inhibition of nerve conduction. Articaine is very commonly applied in dental procedures. The function of articaine for dental use has been widely under research and investigation. Although the safety and advantageous nature of articaine in comparison with other local anaesthesia has been very controversial, there has been lack of conclusive evidence proving the dominancy of articaine or its neurological toxic effect. The choice between the use of articaine or other local anaesthetics lies solely on the experience level and preference of the clinician. Nowadays, articaine exists as a 4% solution with epinephrine of 1:200,000 and 1:100,000. Clinical evidence shows that there is no superiority of 4% articaine over 2% articaine. For 23 anesthetising the spine, a local anaesthetic with a short duration of inhibition, is more favourable in the outpatient clinics. Local anaesthetics such as articaine, prilocaine, lidocaine and chloroprocaine have characteristics of little toxicity, rapid onset and short period of motor inhibition, which make them the desired anaesthetics to use. It has been shown that 4% articaine hydrochloride plus epinephrine of 1:100,000 is adequately beneficial for anaesthetisation in case of skin operation. It take one to three minutes to initiate its effect and it can provide anaesthetic effect for 71 minutes, moreover no adverse influence on the repairing process of the skin lesions has been observed.