Reviewing the historical development of cooperation between China and the EU, commercial trade between the two sides has shown an upward trend year by year. In 2020, following the epidemic outbreak, trade in goods between the EU and China grew in both directions, and China replaced the US as the EU's largest trading partner for the first time. China was the only trading partner to achieve two-way growth in trade, as well as an increase in China's share of the EU's import and export market. The quantitative and structural changes in the EU-China trade relationship have been leading to greater interdependence. The further opening up and liberalization of the economy at the global level and in the EU-China context has given rise to many problems, and the export orientation has made both sides more "vulnerable". At the same time, concerns have arisen on both sides about the development dynamics of further cooperation.