Warfarin and heparin are the traditional anticoagulants used for over 60 years. Their most common applications are for the prevention of thromboembolic diseases that may arise from atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis which may cause stroke and pulmonary embolism. These traditional anticoagulants have their known limitations.Novel anticoagulants such as Rivaroxaban and Apixaban have a directly inhibiting effect of Factor Xa while Dabigatran inhibits the active site of Factor II, also known as thrombin. Predictable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics enhance wide usage throughout Europe and the United States, being sold under the trade names Xarelto, Elliquis, and Prazaxa, respectively.