Szerző szerinti böngészés "Adil, Abdullah Sarmad"

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    Use of Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDI): Novel advances in cancer treatment
    Adil, Abdullah Sarmad; Pórszász , Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Szentmiklósi, A. József; Drimba, László; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás Tanszék
    Histones, a group of proteins, play a crucial role in organizing and regulating DNA within the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. These proteins are classified into five main classes (H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) and form the core structure of nucleosomes, which help compact and store DNA efficiently in the nucleus. Through coiling DNA around histones, a condensed arrangement is achieved. Histones are not just passive structures; they are actively involved in controlling the expression of genes through modifications like acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. These modifications affect how accessible DNA is to transcriptional machinery, ultimately influencing gene activity levels. Moreover, histones are crucial for processes such as DNA replication, repair, and recombination. For instance, during DNA replication, histones are temporarily displaced to allow accurate DNA duplication. Special histone variants and modifications aid in identifying and fixing DNA damage, which helps maintain the integrity of the genome. Their functions extend to DNA organization, gene regulation, and genome stability, which collectively enhance our understanding of cellular mechanisms and genetic regulations. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDIs) are a type of molecule that specifically enhances histone acetylation by inhibiting HDAC enzymes. By doing so, gene expression patterns can be changed, promoting a more open and accessible chromatin structure. In the context of cancer cells, where chromatin regulation is often disrupted, HDIs present a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention. Currently, several HDIs, including Vorinostat, Romidepsin, Panobinostat, and Belinostat, have been approved for clinical use against various cancers due to their efficacy and relatively low safety concerns. These inhibitors can be used alone or in combination with other treatments to tackle cancer effectively. While other HDIs are also showing potential, particularly in combination therapies, they are still undergoing early-phase studies for cancer treatment