Szerző szerinti böngészés "Andrade, Carlos Alexandre Soares"

Megjelenítve 1 - 2 (Összesen 2)
  • Bélyegkép
    TételKorlátozottan hozzáférhető
    A Comparison Between the Worldwide Spreading Patterns of SARS-COV-1 and SARS-COV-2: A Systematic Review
    AL HERK, ANAS; Varga, Orsolya; Andrade, Carlos Alexandre Soares; DE--Népegészségügyi Kar
    This systematic review aimed to compare between the spreading patterns of SARS-COV-1 and SARS-COV-2. The critical urgency of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the difficulty to tackle down the characteristics of the two viruses, and the lack of systematic research on this subject motivated the researcher to undertake this study. The PRISMA method was employed for this study, and data was collected from multiple databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The PECO acronym was used to create the research question, and the Mesh terms were considered for the search. Eligibility criteria were considered to include original studies conducted on human samples that compared between SARS-COV-1 and SARS-COV-2 in one or more of the following topics: incidence, prevalence, epidemiology, transmission, infection, reservoir, or incubation period. Studies were excluded if they were reviews or written in a language other than the English. The results procured when applying the search strategy were insightful. The types of studies included are a cross-sectional study, an ex vivo study, an original correspondence, and an original predictive software model. The four original studies included compared between human exposure to SARS-COV-1 and SARS-COV-2, providing information about the occurrence of the two diseases, the incidence rate in many areas around the world, the age groups that varied between children and adults, and the median age of the studied samples. Some of these studies categorized patients into gender groups to minimize bias. In addition, some of the studies provided numbers about the mortality rate, the prevalence of signs and symptoms as a direct outcome of the two viruses, as well as information about their reservoirs and their abilities to transmit from/ to humans. To conclude, it appears that the recent coronavirus outbreaks, despite the similarities between the two viruses, SARS-COV-2 was able to mutate and become more infectious than SARS-COV-1. More long-term researching and further investigations are needed.
  • Nincs kép
    TételSzabadon hozzáférhető
    Inequalities, lifestyle and metabolic risk factors of non-communicable diseases across European countries, with a focus on diabetes mellitus
    (2025) Andrade, Carlos Alexandre Soares; Varga, Orsolya; Egészségtudományok doktori iskola; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Népegészség-és Járványtani Intézet
    Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) remain a major contributor to health inequalities across Europe despite improvements in overall population health. Understanding both cross-country differences in the NCD burden and the influence of lifestyle-related risk factors is essential for developing effective prevention strategies. This study brings together two complementary analyses: an assessment of inequalities in age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates for total NCDs and for twelve specific disease groups across thirty European Economic Area (EEA) countries from 1990 to 2019, and an investigation of trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and key lifestyle risk factors, including smoking, physical inactivity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and body mass index (BMI), across three waves of the European Health Interview Survey in eleven EU member states. Inequalities in NCD burden were examined using DALY rate ratios, annual rates of change, the Gini coefficient, and the Slope Index of Inequality. Associations between DM and lifestyle factors were estimated with Poisson regression adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Results showed a general decline in NCD DALY rates, with greater reductions among females, although substantial differences remained between countries. The largest inequalities were observed for cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, diabetes and kidney diseases, substance use disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases, with Bulgaria consistently showing the highest rates. Cardiovascular diseases contributed most to overall inequality throughout the study period. In parallel, the age-standardized prevalence of DM increased from 7.01 percent in 2009 to 7.96 percent in 2019, with the greatest increases among individuals with high BMI, physical inactivity, or current smoking. Overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity were significantly and consistently associated with DM in all survey waves. Together, these findings show the need for sustained, targeted prevention efforts in Europe. Reducing inequalities in high-burden NCDs and strengthening interventions focused on obesity prevention and physical activity promotion may help reduce both the overall NCD burden and the rising prevalence of DM in EU and EEA countries.