Szerző szerinti böngészés "Farahmand, Jafar"

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    Current and Future Pharmacotherapeutic Perspectives in Chronic Heart Failure
    Farahmand, Jafar; Takács, Barbara; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Priksz, Dániel; Haimhoffer, Ádám; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Gyógyszerésztudományi Kar::Gyógyszertechnológiai Tanszék
    Heart failure (HF) is a pervasive global health issue affecting over 64 million individuals, leading to high morbidity, mortality, and substantial healthcare costs. This work provides a detailed exploration of the pharmacotherapy of HF, emphasizing the evolution from traditional to innovative treatment strategies aimed at improving patient outcomes. The pharmacological management of HF has historically relied on agents such as ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, which have proven effective in mitigating the symptoms and progression of the disease. These medications work primarily by counteracting the detrimental effects of neurohormonal activation, a hallmark of HF pathophysiology involving the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Recent advancements in HF pharmacotherapy have introduced novel agents that offer enhanced therapeutic benefits. Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) have demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing cardiovascular mortality and HF hospitalizations by combining the benefits of RAAS inhibition with neprilysin inhibition. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, initially developed for diabetes management, have shown significant cardiovascular benefits in HF patients, improving heart function and outcomes regardless of diabetes status. Additionally, several emerging pharmacological agents may further revolutionize HF treatment. Notable examples include interleukin-1β inhibitors, which target inflammatory pathways; non-coding RNA therapies, which modulate gene expression involved in cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling; and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors, which aim to reduce pathological cardiac fibrosis. The study also examines the current classification systems and management guidelines, underscoring their role in optimizing treatment regimens through personalized medicine. In conclusion, this analysis provides a comprehensive overview of HF pharmacotherapy, from well-established treatments to cutting-edge therapies, offering insights into their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and potential side effects. The findings underscore the critical importance of integrating these innovative therapies into standard HF management protocols to enhance patient quality of life and clinical outcomes.