Balanced regulation of inflammation and resolution

Abstract

The immune system relies on a delicate balance of interconnected inflammatory and resolution pathways to maintain tissue homeostasis. Neutrophils and M1 macrophages play a pivotal role in acute inflammation by combating invading pathogens and clearing cellular debris from tissue injuries. Interestingly, immune cells involved in inflammation may also play crucial roles in resolution, with certain proinflammatory mediators and enzymes exhibiting context-dependent shifts towards antiinflammatory functions. This review focuses on the pivotal immune players involved in inflammation, elucidating the mechanisms governing their termination and key contributors to resolution pathways.