Theses (Faculty of Medicine)
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Megjelenítve 1 - 20 (Összesen 1623)
Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető BIOMECHANICAL STIMULI AUGMENT CHONDROGENESIS BY RE-SETTING THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCKLee, Dohwi; Matta, Csaba; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Anatómiai, Szövet- és Fejlődéstani Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi KarDuring cartilage formation, chondroprogenitor cells differentiate into chondrocytes, and produce cartilage-specific extracellular matrix in response to internal or external factors. One of the most relevant external factors in this context is the biomechanical environment. Although mechanical cues play a key role in regulating cartilage formation, current understanding of mechanotransduction pathways in chondrogenic cells is incomplete. Our laboratory has previously shown that temporal cues control chondrogenesis via the cell-autonomous circadian clock. However, mechanical stimulation has not yet directly been proven to modulate chondrogenesis via entraining the circadian clock. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study whether mechanical stimuli synchronise the circadian clock in chondrogenic cells. We used micromass cultures established from the distal limb buds of 4-day-old chicken embryos to set up chondrogenic cultures. Cultures were exposed to uniaxial cyclic compressive force (0.6 kPa, 0.05 Hz) on each culturing day between days 1 and 6 for 60 min using a custom- made mechanical stimulator unit. Samples were harvested every 8 hours between 24 and 72- hours post-stimulation after day 6. Total RNA was isolated, reverse transcribed into cDNA, and the transcript levels of clock genes and chondrogenic marker genes were monitored using RT- qPCR. Cartilage ECM production was studied using metachromatic staining. Cyclic uniaxial mechanical load synchronised the molecular clock in chondrogenic cells in limb bud-derived micromass cultures. In addition to the clock genes, the chondrogenic markers SOX6, SOX9, and ACAN also followed a sinusoidal rhythmic expression pattern. In parallel with this, we observed augmented matrix production following mechanical load. Our results suggest that an optimal biomechanical environment enhances chondrogenesis through synchronising the molecular clock. This novel chondrogenesis-promoting approach should be considered in future cartilage tissue regeneration methods.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF INFERTILITYHamid, Huniya; Balázs, Varga; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Varga, Dániel; Kiss, Rita; Klinikai Központ; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai IntézetThis thesis explores the pharmacological treatment of female infertility, emphasizing the physiological and hormonal factors that contribute to reproductive challenges. A significant focus is placed on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), its pathophysiology, and its impact on ovulation. Established treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), ovulation-inducing medications, and hormonal therapies are examined alongside emerging technologies like CRISPR gene editing and stem cell therapy. The study highlights the need for personalized infertility management and calls for further research into improving women's reproductive health outcomes.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Pharmacological Therapy Of Gastrointestinal Neoplastic DiseasesNasrallah, Fady Mourad Saad Kamel; Pórszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Megyeri, Attila; Halasi , Barbara Dóra; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani IntézetThe current treatments of gastrointestinal cancers vary based on the exact cancer type and stage. It includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy , immune therapy and finally, surgical interventions.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető New Treatments in IBDElshenawy, Omar Ahmed Mohamed; Porszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Szentmiklósi , József; Halasi, Barbara; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani IntézetIBD significantly impacts millions of people, severely reducing their quality of life due to the incapacitating nature of symptoms. Recent advancements in IBD treatment emphasize targeted therapies that more accurately address the underlying mechanisms of the disease. The shift towards personalized medicine represents a novel approach, using genetic, microbiome, and pharmacogenomic information to tailor treatments, enhance effectiveness, minimize side effects, and improve overall healthcare outcomes.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Gastrointestinal BleedingAdewuyi, Joshua Adeyemi; Altorjay, István; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Belgyógyászati Intézet::Gastroenterológiai Tanszék; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Várvölgyi, Csaba; Csiki, Zoltán; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Belgyógyászati Intézet::Gastroenterológiai Tanszék; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Belgyógyászati IntézetThis review aims to discuss as well as summarize the currently available information on gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). The various types, categories, etiology, diagnosis, and managements of GI bleeding will be discussed. Gastrointestinal bleeding is a medical condition frequently encountered in clinical practice. Overt gastrointestinal bleeding usually presents as melena or hematemesis but can also present as hematochezia in cases of brisk bleeding ...Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Pharmacology of Neurogenic InflammationLiu, Siou; Porszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Halasi, Barbara Dóra; Szentmiklósi, József; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai IntézetThe thesis is about the pharmacology of neurogenic inflammation. Neurogenic inflammation is a process in which neuropeptide-releasing sensory nerves participate in the inflammatory process. By activating the sensory nerve fibers, it triggers the release of the neuropeptides leading to various vascular and non-vascular change. Neurogenic inflammation can be involve in several conditions including asthma and migraine, so recognition and further investigation their therapeutic use become extremely importance. In the thesis, we will summarized the possible molecules which can be or had been investigated as the potential therapeutic targets and the application in some diseases.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Recent Advancements in the Pharmacological Treatment of Ovarian CancerKunlere, Opeoluwa Mary; Pórszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Halasi, Barbara; Szentmiklósi, József; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai IntézetThis thesis explores recent advancements in the treatment of ovarian cancer, highlighting both existing and emerging therapeutic strategies. It reviews the role of approved treatments like PARP inhibitors and bevacizumab, while also discussing promising new approaches such as immunotherapy, endocrine therapy, and nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. Additionally, it investigates the potential of gene therapy to target cancer at the molecular level, focusing on overcoming drug resistance and enhancing patient outcomes. The work emphasizes the need for personalized medicine, where treatment is tailored based on the genetic profile of the cancer. Overall, the thesis underscores the importance of continued research into combining therapies to improve survival rates and reduce side effects for ovarian cancer patients.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető BACH1 and Its Role in Modulating the Inflammatory Response of MacrophagesHussein, Mohamed Osama Kamalaldin; Nagy, László; Bene, Krisztián; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Biokémiai és Molekuláris Biológiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi KarThe study investigated the role of BACH1 in regulating inflammatory responses in macrophages (MFs). BACH1 was found to bind genomic regions with key MF transcription factors, suggesting it influences genes related to pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) signaling pathways. Using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from Bach1 knock-out (KO) and control mice, We confirmed Bach1 deletion via Western blot and assessed transcriptional changes. We observed increased expression of genes related to inflammation, such as Il1b, Il6, and Il10, in a BACH1-dependent manner, particularly following LPS treatment. The KO cells also showed heightened levels of HMOX1 protein and altered cytokine production, including IL-6, measured by ELISA. The absence of BACH1 affected inflammatory responses in both alveolar and peritoneal macrophages, supporting the idea that BACH1 modulates inflammation across diverse MF types and activation states.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Prevention And Pharmacological Management Of ArrythmiaAhmad, Mostafa; Porszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Halasi, Barbara Dora; Szentmiklósi, József; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai IntézetThis paper discusses arrhythmias and their myriad of causes. Topics such as incidence and prevalence in the population are also discussed. Global patterns and future trends are mentioned in regards to arrhythmia. The treatment for arrhythmia whether it be conservative or pharmacological is also mentioned. The different types of medication is distinguished in the discussion of the topic.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Overview of the epithelial carcinoma of the ovariesOjinika, Assumpta chidera; Takács, Barbara; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Priksz, Dániel; Berindán, Krisztina; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Szülészeti és Nőgyógyászati IntézetThis thesis talks about the overview of epithelial carcinoma an in it is discusses the etiology , risk factors , symptoms and diagnostic methods and staging of ovarian cancer. its also talks about the chemotherapy strategies and the medications which can be used for its treatment. It contains the drug mechanism of actions , doses, side effects and some clinical trials.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Improvement in Quality of Care for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Hungary Between 2009 and 2019.Babalola, Elijah Oluwatobi; Sándor, János; Egészségtudományi Kar; DE--Általános Orvostudományi KarIn this research essay, the topic of diabetes, its treatment modalities, and its effectiveness in Hungary over the last decade will be explored in detail. It will examine the trends in diabetes prevalence in Hungary, the challenges faced in managing the disease, and the impact of various treatment approaches on patient outcomes. Analyzing the successes and areas for improvement in Hungary's diabetes care system. The essay will explore the impact of socioeconomic factors on diabetes outcomes in Hungary. The essay will examine the advancements in diabetes research and technology that have influenced diabetes care in Hungary.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Pharmacological Management of Neurodegenerative diseasesMorvaridian, Nikta; Pórszász , Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Megyeri, Atila; Halasi , Barbara Dóra; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani IntézetGlobally, communities are burdened with significant medical and public health costs due to degenerative illnesses of the neurological system. The three main neurodegenerative disorders are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since these illnesses are more common and more severe as people age, more instances are anticipated in the near future as life expectancy continues to climb in many nations. With few exceptions, the relative contributions of genetic and environmental variables to causation remain poorly understood. However, molecular epidemiology methods have shown promise in enhancing disease diagnosis, defining disease prognostic factors, pinpointing genes at high risk for familial neurodegenerative diseases, examining shared genetic variants that could indicate susceptibility to the non-familial forms of these illnesses, and measuring exposure to the environment. The epidemiologic characteristics of PD, AD, HD, and ALS are introduced in this literature, along with the pathophysiology of the underlying disease processes and risk factors that may eventually result in better medical therapy and disease prevention. A few suggestions for the pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological treatment of NDs are included in the chapter's conclusion.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Herbal Remedies from Pharmacological Point of ViewHyodo, Yoshino; Pórszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Szentmiklósi, József; Halasi , Barbara Dóra; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani IntézetHerbal medicine has been used for centuries to treat various symptoms and diseases due to its diverse components. However, the molecular mechanisms behind its effects on the human body are still largely unknown, complicating the development and application of these treatments. To address this gap, recent research is increasingly employing systems pharmacology. This approach investigates the pharmacological effects of drugs by analyzing their interaction networks. By utilizing systems pharmacology, researchers aim to better understand the complexities of how herbal medicine influences health and disease. This promising method could pave the way for more effective herbal treatments.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Therapeutic strategies in hyperlipoproteinemia(a)Ahmed, Shamail; Harangi, Mariann; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Belgyógyászati Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Bodor, Miklós; Diószegi, Ágnes; Gyógyszerésztudományi Kar::Gyógyszerészi Klinikai Alapismeretek Tanszék; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Belgyógyászati Intézet::Anyagcsere Betegségek Nem Önálló TanszékThis thesis aims to describe the currently available therapy options for hyperlipoproteinemia(a). It also sheds light on newer therapies that are still under development.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Comparison of the biophysical properties of a wild type K+ channel with its mutant found in cancer cellsYen, Chiao-Hsin; Varga, Zoltán; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Biofizikai és Sejtbiológiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi KarIn order to survive and proliferate, tumor cells adapt to their microenvironment, which may have non-physiological ion compositions and pH. The adaptation mechanism of the cells can involve mutations of their various proteins, including ion channels. We have collected mutation data from public online databases containing sequences of ion channels obtained from different cancers. By aligning the sequences of related channels, we observed patterns and found the residue positions of the most frequent mutations. R367C in the voltage-gated Kv1.3 K+ channel was one such mutation, which involves an arginine residue in the voltage-sensor of the channel. Kv1.3 is found in multiple cell types but is most abundant in immune cells, such as lymphocytes. Our study aimed to characterize the biophysical properties of this mutant channel and compare it to those of the wild type channel. For this purpose, we generated the R367C mutant by site- directed mutagenesis. We studied the channels by performing whole-cell or outside-out patch-clamp experiments on Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells transfected with the wild type or mutant channel gene, which were tagged with Green Fluorescent Protein to help identify the successfully transfected cells with a fluorescence microscope. Using various voltage protocols, we studied the activation and inactivation kinetics and voltage sensitivity of the steady-state gating properties of the channels. Our results indicate that the mutation significantly slows both opening kinetics and inactivation kinetics and affects the voltage-sensitivity of Kv1.3 gating. We hypothesize that tumor cells acquire ion channel mutations due to selection pressure, ultimately affecting tumor cell properties and favorably affecting their survival and functions in the tumor microenvironment. With future experiments, we plan to investigate the pH-sensitivity of the mutant channel versus the wild type and determine the functional relevance of the mutation.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Pharmacological Management of COPDSuresh, Dervin; Pórszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Szentmiklósi, József; Barbara, Halasi; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani IntézetChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung disease whose hallmark features include anomalies in alveolar gas exchange and airflow restriction that cause persistent respiratory symptoms.Dyspnea, productive cough, and, in later stages, tachypnea, tachycardia, and cyanosis are among the clinical symptoms. Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs), which usually demonstrate a reduced ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV) to Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), are the main diagnostic tools. The clinical presentation is also used to make the diagnosis. Imaging investigations are useful in determining the degree of potential consequences and the severity of the disease. Both short- and long-acting bronchodilators are another major form of treatment. Long-acting medications are given on a daily regimen, while short-acting medications are used as rescue medications. Novel medications such as stem cell therapy and monoclonal antibodies are currently under investigation and are showing promising results.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Pharmacological therapy of lymphomaIsham, Mohammed; Porszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Megyeri, Attila; Drimba, Laszló; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás TanszékLymphoma is considered as a curable tumor however, a very significant portion of patients are incurable due to advanced or due to unresponsiveness to therapy. In the pharmacological therapy, a complex regimen is used which consists of two or three medication in combination. This kind of approach is widely used for all histologically characteristic subtypes. In Hodgkin lymphoma, remarkable response can be achieved with BEACOPP based regimen while in Non Hodgkins CHOP(+R) regimen is the cornerstone of therapy. New immunotherapy methods like CAR-T cell therapy also hold promising opportunities for improving the effectiveness of treatment.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Recent advances in pharmacothrapy of colorectal cancerNguyen, Thi Tra My; Megyeri, Attila; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Halasi , Barbara Dóra; Szentmiklósi, József; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai IntézetThis thesis, titled "Recent Advances in Pharmacotherapy for Colorectal Cancer," explores the latest developments in the treatment of colorectal cancer through pharmacological interventions. It provides a detailed review of recent innovations, including new targeted therapies such as anti-EGFR and anti-VEGF agents, and the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The thesis examines how these advancements have enhanced treatment efficacy and addressed issues of drug resistance. It also highlights the integration of these therapies into clinical practice and their impact on personalized treatment approaches. The analysis is supported by recent clinical trial data, offering a thorough understanding of current advancements. Overall, the thesis presents a critical evaluation of evolving pharmacotherapy strategies in colorectal cancer and outlines future directions for research.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Pharmacological tools in the endometrial cancer treatmentMojo-Eyes, Kamsiyonna Alexander; Porszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Halasi, Barbara; Megyeri, Attila; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai IntézetPharmacotherapy of Endometrial cancer and new regimensTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Pharmacological Evaluation of Biologically Active Additives: Mechanisms of Action, Therapeutic Potential, and Safety ProfilesZhexembiyeva, Alma; Pórszász, Róbert; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; DE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar; Szentmiklósi , József; Halasi, Barbara Dóra; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet; Általános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani IntézetThis thesis investigates biologically active additives (BAAs) used in dietary supplements, examining their mechanisms of action, therapeutic benefits, and safety concerns. It explores the therapeutic roles of various compounds, including vitamins, minerals, herbal extracts, probiotics, and phytochemicals, highlighting their potential in areas like anti-cancer, cardiovascular, neuroprotective, and anti-diabetic applications. Notably, substances such as curcumin, omega-3 fatty acids, and Nigella sativa demonstrate promising health benefits through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms. The study also underscores safety issues, like microbial contamination and heavy metal accumulation, advocating for stricter regulatory controls by organizations like the FDA and EFSA. Ultimately, this research calls for ongoing investigation into the efficacy, safety, and potential interactions of these supplements to better support consumer health and regulatory standards