This study is about using modern technology to study and measure landslides, which are very dangerous events where rocks, soil, or mud slides down hills or mountains. Landslides can cause serious problems. Because they destroy homes, roads, farms and sometimes even take people’s lives. In many places around the world. These particular events they often happen mostly during heavy rain or because of different human activities like farming, deforestation and poor building methods.
This topic was chosen in order to solve real-life problem in my country Rwanda and to gain skills in using smart technology to keep people safe. The study has several goals like how to detect landslide using LIDAR technology and different methods for analyzing results, get real results, and reduce landslide impact using remote sensing and 3D point cloud technology. This study uses remote sensing technology like LIDAR. INSAR and UAVs. These tools allowed the scanning from the sky without needing to go to dangerous place. Lidar uses laser beams to measure the land’s shape. Drones take many pictures, and special software is like Agisoft Metashape turns these images into 3D models.
The study was done into steps where, the first step was fly the drone over the study area to take many high-quality pictures. These pictures were cleaned and processed to remove vegetation so that the land could be seen clearly. Then LIDAR and structure from motion (SFM) method were used to create 3D point cloud. Millions of small points and these points shows the land’s surface very Cleary. These point clouds were turned into digital elevation models (DEMs). DEMs are 3D maps that show the height and shape of the land. Finally, software’s like SAGA GIS, Arc GIS, Cloud compare, QGIS and past were used to analyze and get Statistical results and basic terrain analysis.