Infertility is a major public health concern around the world and is defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected sexual activity without the use of contraception. Fertility issues affect approximately 10-15% of couples. As a result, infertility services, including pharmacotherapeutic therapies, are widely used. Infertility can be caused by reasons related to either men or women, or both. These issues can be caused by a variety of circumstances, including hormone imbalances, genetic abnormalities, and infection or trauma to the reproductive systems. The case history is the first and most important step in the diagnostic process for a couple experiencing reproduction problems. The male must also be evaluated in the evaluation of the infertile pair. Infertility pharmacological regimens include hormonal and non-hormonal agents. Given the complexities of infertility treatment, physicians are an invaluable source of patient support and knowledge. As this pharmacological therapy is given in approximate to potential clinical pregnancy it is valuable to evaluate the potential effect on the fetus during early and late development. In addition to the conventional treatment, it is becoming more interestingly to investigate immune – mediated infertility which bases on two facts. Autoimmune mechanism against sperm, as well as anti-phospholipid syndrome and not surprisingly immune tolerance to the semi-allograft fetus (as it contains maternal and paternal genetics).