Efficiency of HPV vaccination

Abstract

This thesis evaluates the efficiency of HPV vaccination in preventing HPV infection and HPV-related diseases, particularly cervical cancer. It begins by explaining HPV, its pathogenesis, and the rationale for vaccination, followed by an overview of the available HPV vaccines and the immune response they induce. The thesis then reviews evidence from clinical trials and real-world studies on vaccine efficacy, effectiveness, herd immunity, and protection in different populations. It also discusses vaccine safety, the role of cervical cancer screening, implementation strategies, and the economic benefits of vaccination. Finally, it examines barriers to vaccine uptake, challenges in low- and middle-income countries, the durability of protection, cross-protection against non-vaccine HPV types, and concludes with future directions and recommendations to improve global HPV vaccination coverage.