P4 medicine as a model for precision periodontal care

Abstract

This thesis explores the application of P4 medicine—Predictive, Preventive, Personalized, and Participatory—as a model for precision periodontal care. Originally introduced by Leroy Hood, P4 medicine represents a shift from reactive treatment toward proactive, patient-centered healthcare. In periodontology, where disease progression varies significantly between individuals, this framework offers a more accurate and individualized approach to diagnosis, prevention, and therapy.