Adhd medications: Past, present, the future.

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dc.contributor.advisorPórszász , Róbert
dc.contributor.advisordeptÁltalános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet
dc.contributor.authorAbdelmonem Hassan, Mohamed Khaled Mohamed
dc.contributor.departmentDE--Általános Orvostudományi Kar
dc.contributor.opponentHalasi, Barbara Dóra
dc.contributor.opponentMegyeri, Attila
dc.contributor.opponentdeptÁltalános Orvostudományi Kar::Igazságügyi Orvostani Intézet
dc.contributor.opponentdeptÁltalános Orvostudományi Kar::Farmakológiai és Farmakoterápiai Intézet
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-21T09:31:00Z
dc.date.available2026-04-21T09:31:00Z
dc.date.created2026-02-04
dc.description.abstractThis thesis discusses a common, multifactorial disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It reviews the evolution of knowledge about ADHD, from explanations related to behavioral disorders to the modern view of it as a brain disorder with strong genetic roots. The article also discusses its association with polygenic risk factors, along with environmental factors that interact to disrupt the regulation of catecholamine systems (dopamine and norepinephrine). Furthermore, it examines the relationship between ADHD and differences in prefrontal and default mode brain networks, which are responsible for executive functions and attention. Diagnosis of ADHD is primarily based on clinical and behavioral assessments, but it is also influenced by self-assessment, developmental variability, and sociodemographic biases, highlighting the need for objective diagnostic biomarkers. Current treatments (particularly stimulants and non-stimulants) are relatively effective in alleviating core symptoms by increasing catecholamine signaling, leading to positive functional effects. However, patient responses to different treatments vary considerably. These variations depend primarily on pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenomics, patient age and health status, and common comorbidities.
dc.description.courseáltalános orvos
dc.description.courselangangol
dc.description.coursespecOrvosbiológia-farmakológia
dc.description.degreeegységes, osztatlan
dc.format.extent44 pages
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2437/406385
dc.language.isoen
dc.rights.infoHozzáférhető a 2022 decemberi felsőoktatási törvénymódosítás értelmében.
dc.subjectADHD
dc.subjectMedications
dc.subjectHistory
dc.subjectPast
dc.subjectPresent
dc.subjectFuture
dc.subjectLisdexamphetamine
dc.subjectMethylphendiate
dc.subjectClonidine
dc.subjectGuanaficine
dc.subjectCentanafadine
dc.subjectAtomoxetine
dc.subjectSNRI
dc.subjectDopamine
dc.subjectNorepinephrine
dc.subjectSerotonin
dc.subjectSLC6a3
dc.subjectCES1
dc.subjectTAAR1
dc.subjectVMAT2
dc.subjectAmphetamine
dc.subject.dspaceMedicine
dc.titleAdhd medications: Past, present, the future.
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