Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia worldwide. The focus of the treatment of atrial fibrillation is to avert complications and minimize symptoms. Pharmacological treatments focus on anticoagulation to reduce the risk of thrombus formation, rate control to decrease the ventricular rate, and rhythm control to convert atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. Non-pharmacological treatments include electrical cardioversion, catheter or surgical ablation to form a lesion in the heart to stop the abnormal electrical conduction that causes atrial fibrillation.