A study at the University of Debrecen investigated the impact of Nostoc strains on T4 phage infection in E. coli, revealing fractions with potential inhibitory effects. Phages, a crucial component of prokaryotic life, have been extensively studied since their discovery in 1915. Phages exhibit specificity towards bacterial strains, potentially offering targeted treatments with fewer side effects compared to antibiotics. Cyanobacteria produce diverse cyanometabolites with health benefits, including antiviral properties. The potential for targeted gene delivery via phages and therapeutic applications of cyanometabolites against viral infections highlights the significance of ongoing research.