This thesis provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs, highlighting their mechanism of action, efficacy and side effect profiles. It critically evaluates landmark trials such as CATIE, CUtLASS ad SOHO, alongside key outcome measures including PANSS, WHOQOL and QALYs. The work underscores the advantages of atypical antipsychotics in addressing negative symptoms and improving quality of life, while also noting their metabolic risks. By contrast, typical antipsychotics remain effective in controlling positive symptoms but are limited by extrapyramidal side effects. The study emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment approaches that balance efficacy with safety. Overall, the thesis contributes to a deeper understanding of antipsychotic therapy and provides a solid foundation for future clinical decision-making and research.