Positive inotropic agents are widely used in the management of cardiovascular diseases, Its main action is to support cardiac function in condition where there is low cardiac output such as septic shock, decompensated heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Positive inotropic agents works in variety of mechanisms. This thesis mainly focuses on the new emerging positive inotropic agents, its indication, mechanism of action, common side effects and its advantages compare to the older inotropic agents.