Despite the advances in conventional medical therapy and revascularization techniques, a significant proportion of patients with angina pectoris failed to respond adequately to such therapy or unsuitable for their use.In the past few decades, novel therapies targeting myocardial ischemia in patients with refractory angina are at the forefront of research. This thesis provides a summary of both traditional and emerging pharmacological therapeutic approaches to angina pectoris management. A discussion on the mechanism of action and clinical efficacy of antianginal agents is provided.