The thesis explores the significance and evolution of local anesthesia techniques in dentistry, aiming to equip dental practitioners with detailed knowledge and skillful practical implementations of these techniques. It addresses the historical perception of dental procedures as painful and the resulting avoidance of necessary care, underscoring the critical role of pain control in dentistry. The main body of the work delves into the various local anesthesia methods used in dentoalveolar surgery, detailing their administration, indications, advantages, and drawbacks. It also discusses recent advancements in local anesthesia, aimed at enhancing patient comfort and improving treatment efficacy while mitigating risks. Finally, it touches on the possible complications of local anesthesia, further highlighting the importance of correct administration. All in all, the thesis emphasizes the pivotal role of local anesthesia in modern dentistry, advocating for continuous development and refinement to improve patient satisfaction, trust, and treatment outcomes.