This dissertation starts with a conduct systematic review of biomass potential on a worldwide scale and investigates its significance as a sustainable energy source, with a particular focus on Kosovo. It investigates the potential of agricultural byproducts, livestock manure, forest residues and municipality solid waste for energy production, indicating that biomass can contribute up to 23% of Kosovo's total energy consumption (26.6 PJ), lowering dependency on fossil fuels and promoting rural development. This dissertation also contains a survey of agricultural students in Kosovo, which revealed great environmental awareness (96%) and a strong readiness to use renewable energy solutions. Byproducts from cereals and livestock manure are identified as key resources, while forest residues provide additional potential if managed sustainably. The dissertation underlines the need of including renewable energy issues into academic curricula and adopting national regulations to encourage biomass use. Overall, biomass represents a significant possibility for Kosovo's energy security, environmental protection and long-term economic prosperity.