In the first part I give a general overview of TB and summarize the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation and diagnosis. The second part focuses on the pharmacological treatment of TB. Pharmacologic agents for treatment of TB are utilized in a hierarchical fashion. The first-line agents for treatment of TB are isoniazid, rifampin , pyrazinamide, and ethambutol .In case of drug resistance, contraindication, or intolerance to first line agents substitution to second line agents may be needed. The second line agents which include fluoroquinolones, injectable agents, such as aminoglycosides and capreomycin, other core second-line agents and add-on second-line agents.