In this study, we look at the economic and social comparisons between Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan. Explaining comparative economics theory for transition economies determines the relevance of this issue. The structure of the article is grouped as below. The second paragraph goes over the economic, social, and environmental distinctions between transition economies. Section 3 examines Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan's macroeconomic metrics. The final portion of the report makes conclusions and offers future research directions. The primary goal of the study is to respond to the research question: “What is the cause of the disparity in economic development levels between Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan?”