Probiotics, prebiotics and their combination (known as synbiotics) are reviewed more often today in a medical point of view. They are being researched even further these days in hopes of drawing final conclusions regarding their use as treatment and/or prevention of many human diseases. Their functions and effects in the prevention and/or amelioration of diseases remain controversial to this day, and further and continuous validation is still needed. On the other hand, it is urgent that steps are taking for next generation probiotics to be screened and isolated by next generation sequencing and bioinformatics platforms. The goal is to use these beneficial bacteria for amelioration of specific and targeted diseases.