Parotid gland tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with varying histological features and clinical behavior. Due to their increasing prevalence and potential for regional and distant metastasis, accurate diagnosis and appropriate management are essential. The aim of this thesis was to identify key prognostic factors influencing patient outcomes and to review current diagnostic and treatment strategies. This work was conducted as a literature review of publications from 1948 to 2024, focusing on anatomy, classification, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic approaches. The findings show that while most tumors are benign and treated successfully with surgical excision, malignant tumors often require more aggressive management, including total parotidectomy, possible radical neck dissection, and adjuvant radiotherapy. Early diagnosis, adequate surgical planning, and long-term follow-up remain crucial for improving prognosis and preserving function.