Pharmaceuticals are pivotal for the health and well-being of populations. Their consumption and access can be related to a double-edged sword: on one hand, they ease the manifestation of disease but on the other hand, if they are inappropriately used, or worse are counterfeit or sub-standard, they may be ineffective and even harmful to the individuals who take them. For such reasons, it is necessary for countries to heed to the highest standards of quality in the manufacture, regulation, and distribution of drugs. Counterfeiting of medicine is a challenging worldwide issue that involves manufacture and distribution of pharmaceuticals, which is part of industrialized organized crime. The huge profits made and the complexity of the market is the other main reason for the growth of this enterprise. To prevent and reduce the growth of counterfeiting, international cooperation is needed and the contribution of the health care professionals.