Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and is associated with conditions like heart failure, significantly increasing stroke risk and mortality. With the global prevalence of AF rising, effective management has become a major focus in cardiovascular care. This thesis provides a thorough overview of AF, covering its pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical features, and treatment. It emphasizes the importance of risk stratification using tools like the CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores. Treatment strategies are discussed within the 'ABC' integrated care pathway, highlighting early rhythm control, catheter ablation, and lifestyle changes. Ultimately, the thesis advocates for personalized, guideline-based care to improve patient outcomes.