In 1945 after World War II, The Labour Party won the elections and formed the government with the presidency of Clement Attlee, who had been the leader of the party since 1935. The new government was quiet optimistic to start ruling the country, however they immediately had to face with the fact that Britain’s economy was in ruins. As an effect of the World War 2, the country lost Ł 7,000 million that was almost one fourth of its national wealth (Cook and Sked 26.) During the war Britain carefully planned her measures and as a result she froze two thirds of her export in order to produce as much war effort as possible. Regarding the shift of the labour force at times of the war I have to emphasise that the number of people served in the military forces, civil organizations supporting the army and in war industries amounted four times higher than pre-war times. This number was about 9 million. It means that 7 million people shifted from other sectors of the economy to the war sector (Cook and Sked 26.) Estimating that about 27 million people lived there between the ages of 16 to 60, it took about 25 % of the labour force (Cook and Sked 26.) (From Chapter I.)