The present Master’s thesis seeks to develop a better understanding on the provisions of the Directive (EU) 2016/343 on the strengthening of certain aspects of the presumption of innocence and of the right to be present at trial in criminal proceedings, which covers the right not to be presented as guilty by public authorities before the final judgment, the requirement for the burden of proof to be on the prosecution and that any reasonable doubts on the guilt should benefit the accused, the right not to incriminate one-self, the right to remain silent and the right to be present in trial. In order to understand and interpret these provisions we have to take an overview of the relevant case-law of the ECtHR.