In this paper, I present my observations on mateship, providing an insight into the various interpretations of this phenomenon, this uniquely Australian form of behaviour. My additional aim is to reveal why it can be said that mateship is part of Australianness and to prove that it plays an important role in Australian culture even these days. During my analysis, I try to use a wide range of genres in terms of primary sources, which will include those of the short story, the drama, the film and the newspaper article, but I will make reflections on Australian legal documents as well. As far as the secondary sources are concerned, similarly to the primary materials, I compare and contrast a wide range of different opinions and interpretations in order to provide the most complex picture on mateship to the best of my ability. While I was doing my research on mateship, I had to rely on many essays and criticism, which come from the Internet, instead of some published source. The reason for this is twofold. In some cases, I wanted to ensure that I use as recent and up-to-date materials as possible; with particular emphasis on the newspaper articles which helped me with the investigation of the politics of the twentieth century, for instance. In other cases, though, using the Internet was inevitable,due to the limited or the lack of availability of the published sources on Australian Studies in Hungarian libraries.