A great number of today’s problems are brought about by present-day technology and societal and environmental processes which are highly complex “large” in dimension, and stochastic by nature. The notion of “large-scale” is a very subjective one in that one may ask: How large is large? There has been no accepted definition for what constitutes a “large-scale system.” Many viewpoints have been presented on this work. One viewpoint has been that a system considered large-scale if it can be decoupled or partitioned into a number of interconnected subsystem or “small-scale” systems for either computational or practical reasons. Another viewpoint is that a system is large-scale when its dimensions are so large that conventional techniques of modeling, analysis, control, design, and computation fail to give reasonable solutions with reasonable computational efforts. In other words, a system is large when it requires more than one controller. Similar problems exist as well in other complex systems, such as in command and control systems, computer networks; complex aircraft control systems, and chemical process and power systems and distribution and highway, among others. These large-scale systems consist of many subsystems, which have access to different information and are making their own Local decisions, but must work together for the achievement of a common, system-wide goal.Each subsystem often possesses limited prior Knowledge of the details of the overall organization its model often describes only the subsystem itself and portions of other subsystems strongly coupled with the former consequently, each subsystem may be operating with Limited Knowledge on the structure of the remainder of the system which may be reconfiguring itself dynamically due to changing requirements, changes in the environment, or failure of components. The representation of such prior Knowledge in a modular way to provide a consistent interface between different subsystems is challenging unsolved problem...