This thesis investigates biologically active additives (BAAs) used in dietary supplements, examining their mechanisms of action, therapeutic benefits, and safety concerns. It explores the therapeutic roles of various compounds, including vitamins, minerals, herbal extracts, probiotics, and phytochemicals, highlighting their potential in areas like anti-cancer, cardiovascular, neuroprotective, and anti-diabetic applications. Notably, substances such as curcumin, omega-3 fatty acids, and Nigella sativa demonstrate promising health benefits through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms. The study also underscores safety issues, like microbial contamination and heavy metal accumulation, advocating for stricter regulatory controls by organizations like the FDA and EFSA. Ultimately, this research calls for ongoing investigation into the efficacy, safety, and potential interactions of these supplements to better support consumer health and regulatory standards​