Workplace hazards are still one of the significant difficulties we experience in our environment today, although health and safety have been prioritized for many years.Identifying these hazards is very important for the prevention and control of the related risks because they could result in diseases.A systematic literature search was carried out on occupational hazards that occur in the oil and gas industry in sub-Saharan African countries and the laws regulating these hazards. The occupational hazards and oil spillages that come with the industry has resulted in massive environmental damages and loss of lives. From this research we see that most of the fatalities and damages that come with oil and gas industry can be reduced and prevented by strictly following the laws that have been set