Cardiac hypertrophy is a condition in which the heart muscle thickens and enlarge, often as a result of chronic pressure overload or other forms of stress. While some degree of hypertrophy can be beneficial for improving cardiac function, excessive hypertrophy can lead to impaired heart function and increased risk of heart failure. This article will explore the causes, mechanisms, and consequences of cardiac hypertrophy, as well as current treatments and emerging therapies. Specifically, the article will discuss how different signalling pathways, including those involving growth factors, transcription factors, and ion channels, contributing to hypertrophic remodelling of the heart. The article will highlight the importance of early detection and management of cardiac hypertrophy, as well as potential novel approaches for treating this condition, such as gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and targeting specific molecular pathways. Overall, the article will provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of cardiac hypertrophy and its clinical implications, along with potential avenues for future research and therapeutic interventions.