HPV is considered the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Genital warts are linked to low-risk HPV subtypes, whereas premalignant and invasive lesions are closely linked to persistent infection with high-risk HPV subtypes. The E6 and E7 genes are known to be the main causative agents of oncogenic transformation. Nowadays, the burden of diseases linked to HPV has decreased as a result of screening. A transition from cytology to HPV testing is currently being seen in this field. Unfortunately, currently there are only screening options for female patients, even though male patients carry the infection as well and can suffer from consequences related to it. With that, vaccination programs have been highly efficient in reducing HPV infection and HPV-related lesions, and their future expansion could potentially strengthen our current primary prevention tactics. In this paper, I covered the topics of vaccination and HPV screening, as well as treatment options for patients. Treatment options differ by HPV subtype and its consequence. These include both treatment of superficial lesions and excisional procedures aimed at curing invasive lesions that are associated with greater danger for patients.