PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF INCREASED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE THERAPY

Prof. Dr. Zoltán Szilvássy, MD., PhD., DSc Prof. Dr. Róbert Pórszász, MD., PhD., MBA, MSc

Increased intraocular pressure is a common feature of several ocular diseases such as: glaucoma, ocular hypertension, and others. The prevalence of IOP varies significantly worldwide, with a higher incidence reported in older populations. The burden of IOP-related ocular diseases such as glaucoma is expected to increase as the global population ages, making early detection and management of IOP more important than ever. High IOP can damage the optic nerve and lead to permanent vision loss. Therefore, controlling IOP is a key strategy in the management of these diseases. In this composition I will cover some of the most popular pharmacological treatment of IOP. The current pharmacological armamentarium includes topical medications, oral medications, and injectable drugs. These drugs work by reducing aqueous humor production, increasing aqueous humor drainage, or both. The choice of medication depends on the individual patient's condition, tolerability, and other factors. While pharmacological treatment is effective in reducing IOP, long-term use of these medications may be associated with adverse effects. Thus, it is important to monitor patients for any drug-related side effects and adjust the treatment accordingly.