Tumors of odontogenic origin

Abstract

Odontogenic tumors originate from odontogenic ectomesenchymal and/or epithelial tissues, exhibiting diverse clinical behaviors and histopathologies. They can be classified as benign or malignant, with the World Health Organization (WHO) dividing them into odontogenic epithelial, ectomesenchymal, or mixed cells. Teeth development is responsible for unique lesions in jawbones, which are developed through a complex interaction between primitive ectoderm and ectomesenchymal tissues in the jawbones. The etiology of odontogenic tumors is incompletely understood, but genetic mutations, odontogenic remnants, and dental developmental abnormalities have been identified as potential contributing factors. Accurate classification and prognosis prediction rely on clinical, radiographic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses. The therapeutic management of odontogenic tumors requires a tailored approach based on tumor type, size, location, and patient-specific factors. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment modality, while adjuvant therapies like radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be employed in select cases. This thesis provides a comprehensive understanding of tumors of odontogenic origin, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis, appropriate classification, and personalized treatment planning to optimize patient outcomes