Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most malignant urogenital cancers. Its prevalence has been on the rise recently, perhaps at least partly as a result of changing lifestyles. Its histological subtypes, risk factors, and many signalling pathways involved in tumorigenesis are covered in the first part of this thesis. Renal cell carcinoma can be treated with several pharmacological tools that are reviewed along with their mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and side effects. One of the more effective strategies for treating advanced renal cell cancer may be the combination of medicines targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor -pathway. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor thus an inhibitor of angiogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation, served as a proof of concept for anti-angiogenic therapy and may provide further advantages when used in combination with other medications.