Asthma drug therapy

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition with high prevalence around the world and characterized by airway inflammation and narrowing. Meanwhile consist of symptoms like wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and shortness of breath. It is triggered by allergens, irritants, exercise, and infections. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to its development. Pathologically, asthma involves chronic inflammation, increased mucus production, and bronchoconstriction. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical examination, and lung function tests by spirometry. General treatment includes symptoms relivers and long term treatments, both aims to control symptoms and prevent exacerbations using inhalers, avoiding triggers, and creating an asthma action plan. Now a days biological treatments are standing in a more and more important position, and are reserved for severe asthma, targeting specific immune pathways. Monoclonal antibodies against molecules like IgE, IL-5, and IL-4/IL-13 receptors can reduce the rate of exacerbations and improve lung function. Asthma management focuses on achieving and maintaining control, allowing for a better quality of life for individuals with asthma.