This literature review delves into the topic of gingival enlargement, exploring various etiologies that contribute to the development of this condition. The paper provides a detailed analysis of these underlying causes, shedding light on the pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to gingival enlargement. In addition, the review explores the treatment options available for this condition, taking into account the various etiologies that may be involved. Ultimately, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject matter, with a focus on both the underlying causes and the most effective treatment strategies available.