According to World Health Organization (WHO), 15 million babies are born too soon every year and there is more than 1 in 10 babies are delivered prematurely, influencing families all around the world. Additionally, preterm labor (PTL) is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality globally. And preterm birth rates have a trend of increasing in almost all countries with reliable data. Prematurity occurs when regular contractions begin to open your cervix before 37 weeks of pregnancy while a full-term pregnancy should last about 40 weeks. Both morbidity and mortality rates are inversely related to gestational age at delivery and each day of delay, particularly before 28 weeks of gestation, increases the survival. Spontaneous PTL with intact membranes is responsible for approximately one-third of all cases of preterm birth whose complications contribute to a majority in the death among children under 5 years of age. However, three-quarters of these deaths could be prevented with current, cost effective interventions including warmth providing, breast feeding, treatments for infection, and breathing support. Unfortunately, in the case of before 23 weeks, having cardiac arrest at birth or less than 400 grams, attempts at resuscitation are not indicated. The available treatment options are symptomatic, rather than causally directed. Initially, preventive treatment with progesterone can lower the rate of PTL in high-risk groups significantly. Furthermore, between 24 and 33 weeks of gestation, the benefits of tocolytic therapy generally outweigh the risk of maternal, fetal, or both complications and these agents should be initiated provided no contraindications exist. A variety of tocolytic drugs with different mechanisms of action (betamimetics, oxytocin antagonists, calcium-channel blockers, nitric oxide donors, magnesium sulfate, and prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors) can be used for individualized tocolytic treatment. Furthermore, progesterones have proved the role in prolongation of gestation in PTL. Nevertheless, premature rupture of the membranes is an indication for antibiotics. Additionally, antenatal steroid administration could prevent respiratory distress syndrome in newborn effectively.