Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Dátum
Szerzők
Alshehri, Abdullah
Folyóirat címe
Folyóirat ISSN
Kötet címe (évfolyam száma)
Kiadó
Absztrakt
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic systemic diseases involving the
inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract including ulcerative colitis (UC), which only
affects the colon and Crohn’s disease (CD), which can affect the entire gastrointestinal
tract. These chronic diseases of multifactorial background are considered to have the
highest prevalence and incidence in western countries. It started after the second world
war to show an abrupt increase in incidence in North America and European countries.
Racial and ethnicity were considered in the background of the development of the
disease. However, recently rising trends have been observed in countries previously
known to have a low prevalence and incidence. For instance, Middle East countries
were known to have the lowest numbers of incidence for developing the disease, but in
the last ten to fifteen years IBD has been a great challenge in the medical field. The
clinical base presentation of UC and CD are indistinguishable to some point with
overlapping signs and symptoms. Physicians and researchers are now trying to find out
new diagnostic methods and other biological markers in order to differentiate between
the two IBD subtypes and other gastrointestinal disorders. Unfortunately, IBD has no
definitive cure and most of the drugs used now are for relieving the symptoms and
helping to remit the disease. Relapsing is common in IBD patients and is counted as big
challenge for physicians. Using conventional agents such as 5-aminosalcylic acid
derivatives, corticosteroids and immunomodulators can help in relieving the symptoms
but do not offer complete cure. Despite the challenges, a promising future with
biological agents has been introduced. These agents target different inflammatory
pathways and reduce the inflammation effectively. Biological agents are now drugs of
choice but their costs are much higher than other older and conventional agents which
make them a burden for insurance companies and patients. The aim of this thesis is to
show the sudden increase in incidence of these diseases in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(KSA) and other Middle East countries based on clinical studies and data from the last
decade. In this thesis we are also going to investigate the different modern and
conventional methods for IBD diagnosis and providing other recent diagnostic
information. Finally, we are investigating up-to-date medications which are currently in
use and some new biological agents which are still not used in clinical practice but are
promising to be the goal of treatment for patients with IBD.
Leírás
Kulcsszavak
crohn disease and ulcerative colitis