This thesis sets out of make a comprehensive view of various sustainable terrestrial transportation systems. In view of this, key metrics such as energy consumption and drivetrain efficiency as well as resource/ fuel consumption were analyzed, setting a baseline by which the various systems could be compared. The effects of different driving patterns on the various drivetrains was the main focus of the research done, yielding some interesting results. These results emphasized the strengths and weaknesses of each drivetrain type: EVs were very efficient in urban driving, FCVs showed their range and refueling advantage, and HCVs, although inefficient, had their niches in heavy-duty applications. The present work offers useful insights for the optimization of sustainable transport technologies in developing energy-efficient and ecologically compatible vehicular systems.