The aim of this literature review is to give an overview of the conventional screening methods currently utilized for prenatal detection of chromosomal abnormalities and the development of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) starting with the original discovery by Dennis Lo. The review will also try to summarize the different methods of cff-DNA based NIPTs for chromosomal aneuploidies (trisomy 21, 18 and 13) in the context of clinical experiences, efficacy, cost, ethics and limitations.