Inequalities, lifestyle and metabolic risk factors of non-communicable diseases across European countries, with a focus on diabetes mellitus

A tétel rövid nézete
dc.contributor.advisorVarga, Orsolya
dc.contributor.authorAndrade, Carlos Alexandre Soares
dc.contributor.departmentEgészségtudományok doktori iskolahu
dc.contributor.submitterdepÁltalános Orvostudományi Kar::Népegészség-és Járványtani Intézet
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-13T16:01:18Z
dc.date.available2026-01-13T16:01:18Z
dc.date.defended2026-01-29
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) remain a major contributor to health inequalities across Europe despite improvements in overall population health. Understanding both cross-country differences in the NCD burden and the influence of lifestyle-related risk factors is essential for developing effective prevention strategies. This study brings together two complementary analyses: an assessment of inequalities in age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates for total NCDs and for twelve specific disease groups across thirty European Economic Area (EEA) countries from 1990 to 2019, and an investigation of trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and key lifestyle risk factors, including smoking, physical inactivity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and body mass index (BMI), across three waves of the European Health Interview Survey in eleven EU member states. Inequalities in NCD burden were examined using DALY rate ratios, annual rates of change, the Gini coefficient, and the Slope Index of Inequality. Associations between DM and lifestyle factors were estimated with Poisson regression adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Results showed a general decline in NCD DALY rates, with greater reductions among females, although substantial differences remained between countries. The largest inequalities were observed for cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, diabetes and kidney diseases, substance use disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases, with Bulgaria consistently showing the highest rates. Cardiovascular diseases contributed most to overall inequality throughout the study period. In parallel, the age-standardized prevalence of DM increased from 7.01 percent in 2009 to 7.96 percent in 2019, with the greatest increases among individuals with high BMI, physical inactivity, or current smoking. Overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity were significantly and consistently associated with DM in all survey waves. Together, these findings show the need for sustained, targeted prevention efforts in Europe. Reducing inequalities in high-burden NCDs and strengthening interventions focused on obesity prevention and physical activity promotion may help reduce both the overall NCD burden and the rising prevalence of DM in EU and EEA countries.
dc.format.extent90
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2437/401984
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectEgészségtudományok
dc.subjectOrvostudományok
dc.subject.disciplineEgészségtudományokhu
dc.subject.sciencefieldOrvostudományokhu
dc.titleInequalities, lifestyle and metabolic risk factors of non-communicable diseases across European countries, with a focus on diabetes mellitus
dc.title.translatedAz egyenlőtlenségek, az életmód és a nem fertőző betegségek metabolikus kockázati tényezői az európai országokban, különös tekintettel a diabetes mellitusra
dc.typePhD, doktori értekezéshu
Fájlok
Eredeti köteg (ORIGINAL bundle)
Megjelenítve 1 - 3 (Összesen 3)
Nincs kép
Név:
Dissertation.pdf
Méret:
5.05 MB
Formátum:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Letöltés
Nincs kép
Név:
Invitation.pdf
Méret:
59.21 KB
Formátum:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Letöltés
Nincs kép
Név:
Short thesis.pdf
Méret:
1.54 MB
Formátum:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Letöltés
Engedélyek köteg
Megjelenítve 1 - 1 (Összesen 1)
Nincs kép
Név:
license.txt
Méret:
1.93 KB
Formátum:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Leírás:
Letöltés
Gyűjtemények
Egészségtudományok Doktori Iskola