Cirrhotic patients are highly susceptible to develop bacterial infections due to the typical immunocompromised state of the disease. Infections may influence the mortality rate because of their more severe forms than non-cirrhotic population as well as worsen the cirrhotic progression and complications. The predominant pathogens are Gram negative bacteria derived mainly from the intestinal flora but the incidence of Gram positive bacteria has been increasing recently due to the use of invasive procedures and antibiotic prophylaxis. The diagnosis of infections is clinically difficult due to their atypical manifestations in the early stages. Therefore, screening for early detection, effective treatment and appropriate prophylaxis are essential to improve the survival and prognosis of these patients.