This thesis investigates the question of when structural reforms should be performed in China, where GDP growth is increase but have potential issues, and the European Union countries, which suffered the global economic crisis that began in 2007 and culminated in 2008. Meanwhile, the thesis aims to demonstrate the contention that structural reforms are more appropriate for European Union nations during recessions and more beneficial for China during booms and to present the related rationale by reading and quoting pertinent literature articles and obtaining and analyzing pertinent data or figures. Secondly, the thesis comes to the conclusion that structural reforms are more successful for China during boom periods and more appropriate for EU nations during recessions. Moreover, it is recommended that there is no defined time period for structural reforms. Taking into consideration their current circumstances and the factors influencing them, countries or regions that pursue structural reforms should assess whether they are more beneficial during periods of economic boom or during periods of recession.