An analysis of metaphors and conceptualisation in English and Chinese
Absztrakt
The cross-linguistic metaphor is the conceptualised linguistic phenomenon that generally exists in all the languages across the world. This thesis concentrates on the shared and specific metaphorical features of English and Chinese. Metaphors are over-elaborate expressions, though comprising simple and common words, are usually tricky for the learners, no matter how proficient they have become in their language study. Learners cannot completely understand and practice them and, as a result, make their language skills progress onto a higher level. The universality of the metaphors and all that relates to figurative languages should never be neglected by researchers, teachers, and students of linguistics and all the other issues related, as Kövecses(2005:) demonstrates in his book Metaphor in Culture “If some kinds of conceptual metaphors are based on embodied experience that is universal, these metaphors should occur-at least potentially- in many languages and cultures around the world.” The variants of embodiment in metaphorical language, as Kövecses (2005) defines in Metaphor in Culture, are “Correlations in experience and image schemata”and “are two kinds of bodily experience that are commonly evoked in discussions of the embodiment hypothesis.”(Kovecese 2005;p19) and ‘the recognition of the kind of correlation of the kind of correlation that exists in the body between intensity (of action or state) and heat gave rise to the embodiment hypothesis, which states that metaphorical thought is based on such correlated experience […] the correlation between amount and verticality (yielding the metaphor PURPOSES ARE DESTINATIONS) and intimacy and closeness (yielding the metaphor INTIMACY IS CLOSSNESS).’ (Kovecese 2005;pp18) In this thesis, the general concept of metaphorical languages and a comparison between English and Chinese languages will be discussed, with some examples from the two languages provided to assist in illustrating the key points.