EFFECTS OF FUNGICIDE APPLICATION ON THE PRESENCE OF FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM AND MYCOTOXIN CONCENTRATION ON THE EAR OF CORN
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In this research, the effect of fungicide application on the presence of Fusarium graminearum and mycotoxin concentration on the ear of corn (Zea mays L) was studied, and the specific objective was to identify the effects of fungicide application on the presence of Fusarium graminearum infestation and also to determine the most effective dose of fungicides used in the control of Fusarium graminearum and the concentration of mycotoxins in the ear of corn. This experiment was conducted in 20 small plots of size (3 m x 6 m) at the practical garden of the Institute of Plant Protection of the University of Debrecen, located in the city of Debrecen in Hungary, under natural field conditions. The treatments for each field condition were assigned to experimental units using a completely randomized block design with four replications. T1 was mycorrhiza preparation (Mycostart), and the dose was 35kg/ha as indicated by the manufacturer. T2 for replication 2 was mycorrhiza preparation + Genium + Solvitis Sk plant conditioners under the dose of 35kg/ha and 4 l/ha, 60 ml/ 15 square meter plot, respectively. T3 was 1st spraying with Genium + Solvitis Zn + Solvitis Sk + Solvitis Mg plant conditioners with the dose 1 l/ha dose, 60 ml/ 15 square meter plot, and 15 ml/ 15 square meter. T4 Prosaro fungicide (Bayer) emulsifiable concentrate formulation (EC), which contains Prothioconazole + tebuconazole active substances, was used at a dose of 1 l/ha and 15 ml/15 square meter plot. The findings of this experiment showed that the application of fungicide could contribute to the control of Fusarium graminearum infection, and according to (Paul et al., 2008). Prothioconazole and Tebuconazole have proved their effectiveness in lowering both FHB infections and their secondary metabolites like DON and ZEA. Since the fungicide application was effective in reducing FHB severity value and it could have also improved the quality of the seeds by reducing mycotoxin levels. However, mycotoxin concentration was not evaluated in this study, but others have reported that Trichothecene groups of mycotoxins like DON and ZEA were significantly correlated (del Palacio et al., 2023; Machado et al., 2022).