Theses (MÉK)
Állandó link (URI) ehhez a gyűjteményhez
Theses collection of the Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management. The collection was started in 2018.
At the University of Debrecen, in accordance with the 2022 amendment to the 2011 Higher Education Act, student theses are only accessible from devices connected to the University's Eduroam WiFi network or from a university IP address.
“The thesis or diploma work of a student who has successfully passed the final examination shall be stored in full in the academic system of the higher education institution, and a record shall be maintained thereof. The stored theses and diploma works – with the exception of parts classified as confidential in accordance with the relevant legislation – must be made accessible and searchable without restriction through the academic system.” Further info on the National Higher Education Act in Hungarian: Felsőokt. tv. (új) - 2011. évi CCIV. törvény a nemzeti felsőoktatásról - Hatályos Jogszabályok Gyűjteménye.
Böngészés
legfrissebb feltöltések
Megjelenítve 1 - 20 (Összesen 257)
Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Comparative efficacy of plant Tconditioners, essential oils versus fungicides in managing rust and powdery mildew in winter wheatMsigwa, Christopher; Tarcali, Gábor; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis research evaluated the effectiveness of plant conditioners, peppermint essential oil, and a conventional fungicide (Amistar) in managing rust fungi and powdery mildew in spring wheat under field conditions at the University of Debrecen, Hungary. A randomized complete block design with four treatments and four replications was used, assessing disease incidence and yield parameters. Results showed no significant differences in yield metrics among treatments, but yields (2.4 t/ha) were notably below Hungary's average (5.6 t/ha), suggesting losses due to disease pressure. The fungicide was most effective against both diseases, while the plant conditioner controlled rust fungi but not powdery mildew, and peppermint oil had moderate success with powdery mildew but little effect on rust. Weather conditions favored fungal development, with temperature and rainfall positively correlating with rust fungi, and humidity with powdery mildew. The study highlights the need for further research on optimizing alternative treatments within integrated pest management frameworks to sustainably manage wheat diseases.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető EFFECTS OF FUNGICIDE APPLICATION ON THE PRESENCE OF FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM AND MYCOTOXIN CONCENTRATION ON THE EAR OF CORNHILLARY, ATALA; TARCALI, GÁBOR; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarIn this research, the effect of fungicide application on the presence of Fusarium graminearum and mycotoxin concentration on the ear of corn (Zea mays L) was studied, and the specific objective was to identify the effects of fungicide application on the presence of Fusarium graminearum infestation and also to determine the most effective dose of fungicides used in the control of Fusarium graminearum and the concentration of mycotoxins in the ear of corn. This experiment was conducted in 20 small plots of size (3 m x 6 m) at the practical garden of the Institute of Plant Protection of the University of Debrecen, located in the city of Debrecen in Hungary, under natural field conditions. The treatments for each field condition were assigned to experimental units using a completely randomized block design with four replications. T1 was mycorrhiza preparation (Mycostart), and the dose was 35kg/ha as indicated by the manufacturer. T2 for replication 2 was mycorrhiza preparation + Genium + Solvitis Sk plant conditioners under the dose of 35kg/ha and 4 l/ha, 60 ml/ 15 square meter plot, respectively. T3 was 1st spraying with Genium + Solvitis Zn + Solvitis Sk + Solvitis Mg plant conditioners with the dose 1 l/ha dose, 60 ml/ 15 square meter plot, and 15 ml/ 15 square meter. T4 Prosaro fungicide (Bayer) emulsifiable concentrate formulation (EC), which contains Prothioconazole + tebuconazole active substances, was used at a dose of 1 l/ha and 15 ml/15 square meter plot. The findings of this experiment showed that the application of fungicide could contribute to the control of Fusarium graminearum infection, and according to (Paul et al., 2008). Prothioconazole and Tebuconazole have proved their effectiveness in lowering both FHB infections and their secondary metabolites like DON and ZEA. Since the fungicide application was effective in reducing FHB severity value and it could have also improved the quality of the seeds by reducing mycotoxin levels. However, mycotoxin concentration was not evaluated in this study, but others have reported that Trichothecene groups of mycotoxins like DON and ZEA were significantly correlated (del Palacio et al., 2023; Machado et al., 2022).Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Examination of different control substances on corn smut and on the physiological parameters of the maizeDavis, Vivian Bunch; Gabor , Tarcali; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis research examines the effect of different control substances including synthetic fungicides and biological agents like mycorrhizal preparations and a plant conditioner on corn smut disease (Ustilago maydis) and the subsequent growth and yield of maize. The primary objective was to assess the efficacy of these treatments in managing the disease and their influence on key physiological parameters, specifically crop height and grain yield. The study employed a controlled experimental methodology where artificially inoculated corn plants were subjected to different treatments. Growth indicators, namely plant height and grain yield, were meticulously measured, and statistical analysis was utilized to determine the significance of treatment outcomes. The findings revealed that while many treatments did not significantly alter overall growth, Treatment 2, a combination of mycorrhiza and a plant conditioner, demonstrated potential for maximizing crop height and simultaneously managing corn smut infestation. Notably, the synthetic fungicide treatment (T4) emerged as the most effective strategy for increasing crop yield, although this effect was accompanied by some variability. Furthermore, the study emphasized the important influence of weather conditions on both the development of corn smut disease and the overall effectiveness of applied control treatments. In conclusion, the research suggests that a combined approach utilizing mycorrhizal preparations and plant conditioners hold promises for effectively controlling corn smut while also promoting maize plant growth. However, the study underscores the necessity for further research to validate these initial findings and to explore the long-term sustainability and broader applicability of these treatments under diverse environmental conditions. The substantial influence of weather patterns on disease dynamics and treatment efficacy necessitates attention in future research and the formulation of effective management methods.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető INVESTIGATION OF THE OCCURRENCE OF EUROPEAN PEAR RUST (GYMNOSPORANGIUM SABINAE) ON PYRUS COMMUNIS AND JUNIPERUS SPP. IN DEBRECENAous, Shaheen; Tarcali, Gabor; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarEuropean pear rust is considered a serious disease in different pear farms across Europe, especially in the organic ones. This disease has not been well studied in Hungary, possibly due to the decline in pear cultivation and the country’s mostly non-mountainous topography which limits the presence of Juniper species near pear orchards. In our survey for detecting and diagnosing European pear rust caused by Gymnosporangium sabinae, and other potential Gymnosporangium species on Pomoideae and Juniperus species conducted between May 2024 and May 2025, and through using both macroscopic and microscopic and morphological characterization, only Gymnosporangium sabinae was identified. To increase diagnostic certainty, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analysis was performed on extracted DNA to explore through DNA sequencing the phylogenetic relationship of the pathogen prevalent in this area in the next step. On the other hand, 6 Juniperus species were found to host the fungus, showing varying levels of susceptibility amongst which J. sabina showed the highest infection rate followed by J. media in terms of frequency. Literature review and our field observations in comparation with data obtained from agrometeorological station of DE AKIT DTTI Practical Garden, we suggest a strong correlation between the severity of infection and two key factors: (1) rainfall preceding and coinciding with juniper shortly before and during flowering and and pear leaf emergence, in combination with ambient humidity; and 2nd is the proximity of susceptible juniper species to pear trees. Some juniper species were found to carry minor or unnoticeable infections. Chemical treatments seem to be not challenging. However, lack of knowledge about managing the disease in organic farms raises the interest of more dedicated research, especially when removing the juniper species is not possible. Additionally, three field experiments were conducted to better understand the biology and infection mechanisms of the pathogen on pear trees after analysis of results in the next step, and to open the doors for more in-depth future research.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető The Effect of Endophytic Trichoderma Strains for the Germination Quantity and Quality on Monocots: Maize (Zea mays) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and the Inhibition of Fungi Infection on MaizeMaghanay, Mary Jaicha; Karaffa, Erzsébet Mónika; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis study explores the potential of two Trichoderma strains namely, Trichoderma afroharzianum TR04 (TR04) and Trichoderma simmonsii TR05 (TR05) as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents. The focus of this study is the effect of the strains on seed germination of maize and sorghum, as well as their antagonistic activity against Fusarium graminearum. Seed priming was performed and germination was done in a controlled in vitro condition. The findings showed that neither TR04 nor TR05 significantly improved germination quality. However, as demonstrated by re-isolation tests and the visual health of seedlings, TR05 demonstrated strong biocontrol efficacy, especially against F. graminearum and other fungi such as Aspergillus spp. It can be concluded that that under the conditions of this study, the Trichoderma strains particularly TR05 demonstrated notable biocontrol potential, especially in suppressing fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. but their application did not result in improved germination quality in maize or sorghum.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető INVESTIGATION OF MONGOLIAN SEA BUCKTHORN ((Hippophae rhamnoides spp. Mongolica) - NUTRITIONAL STUDY -Javkhlant, Usukhzaya; Máthé, Endre; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis thesis explored the nutritional composition and antioxidant potential of Hippophae rhamnoides spp. Mongolica, a sea buckthorn species native to Mongolia. The study sought to assess whether the particular sample of Mongolian sea buckthorn has qualities that justify its inclusion in health-promoting diets and nutraceutical applications, given the increasing interest in natural antioxidants and functional foods. Investigated through both biological tests and chemical analysis. Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies) were used in sugar manipulation experiments to simulate metabolic stress conditions. The sea buckthorn supplementation improved developmental outcomes in the flies with high sugar diets, implying protective antioxidative or metabolic effects. Furthermore, a functional food product was developed using the sea buckthorn samples.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető CHEMICAL PROFILING OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN DRIED CULINARY HERBSMBARAK, NAHWIA KHALID; BENI, ARON; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis study examined the levels of six bioactive compounds—thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, and α-pinene—in five herbs (rosemary, oregano, thyme, cumin, and cloves) sourced from Kenya and Hungary, using ethanol-based ultrasonic extraction and HPLC-DAD. The research aimed to explore regional differences in phytochemical profiles in the context of antimicrobial resistance. Results showed significant variations, such as higher thymol in Hungarian cumin and thyme, and more carvacrol and α-pinene in Kenyan herbs. Despite limitations like small sample size and lack of replication, the study demonstrated HPLC-DAD's reliability and suggested future studies use larger, more controlled samples.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Assessment of Safety, Quality and Efficacy of Ayurvedic FormulationsChoudhury, Hoimonti; Máthé, Endre; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis research study is a step forward in bridging the gap between the ancient Ayurvedic formulations, which are essentially what we today call “nutraceuticals” and the need for scientific validation of its efficacy in order to achieve universal recognition and acceptability. Two ayurvedic samples (SAM1 and SAM2) generally known for its anti-diabetic effects were investigated in this study. These were assessed for the following parameters: a) Quality- through investigation of nutritional capacity using Drosophila melanogaster-based model and quantitative analysis of the Total Phenolic Compounds (TPC), Total Flavonoid Compounds (TPC) and antioxidant properties b) Safety- through investigation of its toxic effects on Drosophila viability c) Efficacy- through investigation of its rescue effect on High Sugar diet-induced stress and study of Position Effect Variegation to know its epigenetic influence. Presence of TPC, TFC and antioxidant properties were detected and quantified in both samples. Both samples showed health enhancing effects and had an epigenetic influence on the expression of the white gene in white mottled (wm4h) strain of Drosophila melanogaster.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető The effects of capsaicin compounds on some essential genes of Fusarium graminearumChimid, Khulan; Fazekas, Mónika Éva; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis thesis examines the antifungal potential of capsaicin derivatives (OM94, OM97, OM103, OM106, etc.) against Fusarium graminearum, a pathogen responsible for Fusarium head blight (FHB) and mycotoxin contamination in cereals. The study targets essential fungal genes (PKS4, PKS12, Tri5, FUM1, FUM7) involved in toxin biosynthesis, using qPCR to analyse gene expression changes under capsaicin treatment. By incorporating capsaicin compounds into PDA media at varying concentrations (5–200 mg/L), the research aims to identify whether these natural compounds can suppress virulence genes or alter metabolic pathways. The work bridges gaps in understanding plant-derived antifungal agents and their molecular mechanisms against F. graminearum. If proven effective, capsaicin could offer a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides, reducing mycotoxin risks in food chains. The thesis underscores the need for innovative strategies to combat crop diseases while minimising environmental and health impacts.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Energy-Efficient Preservation of Beef Using Vacuum Packaging and Cyclical Low-Temperature TreatmentDurdyyev, Gylychmuhammet; Prokish, Jozsef; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis research investigates a low-energy meat preservation method aimed at reducing reliance on refrigeration during transport. Beef samples were vacuum-packed and exposed to three cycles of heating at 75°C for 24 hours, each followed by a rest period at room temperature to allow bacterial spores to germinate. This cyclical approach enabled the elimination of both active bacteria and spores. The treated meat was then stored at 40°C for three weeks without showing signs of spoilage. The method proved to be effective, energy-efficient, and potentially applicable in situations where refrigeration is not feasible. It offers a practical alternative for meat storage and transport under challenging environmental conditions.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Microbial Control Strategies in Cheddar Cheese Production: A Scoping ReviewNdafonghoshi, Paulina Ndeshipanda Penoshinge; Tünde , Pusztahelyi; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis thesis comprehensively examines the main findings and their broader significance. It highlights the crucial importance of extensive microbial control measures in Cheddar cheese production. These measures are pasteurization, the inclusion of starter cultures, the application of natural preservatives such as nisin, aging, adherence to Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) protocols, and the establishment of adequate hygiene and sanitation standards. Despite the efforts to implement them, the frequent occurrence of product recalls sheds light on the complex challenges of microbial contamination in cheese production. Factors such as variations in raw material quality, production scale differences, and inconsistent adherence to protocols can compromise how effective these controls are, exposing gaps in their current application. This evidence proposes the urgent need for advanced microbial safety strategies. Future efforts should enhance existing measures, explore new preservation technologies, and promote consistent implementation across diverse production environments. Strengthening microbial control is crucial for safeguarding product quality and safety, ensuring consumer trust, and complying with strict regulations and standards.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető CHITOSAN AND TRICHODERMA STRAINS AS BIOCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST PENICILLIUM IN WALNUTS (JUGLANS REGIA L.)Naammo, Eyesun; Karaffa, Erzsébet; Alexa, Loránd; Zabiák, Andrea; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarOur work starts by evaluating the antifungal efficacy of Trichoderma strains (TR04 Trichoderma afroharzianum and TR05 Trichoderma gamsii) and chitosan against Penicillium species, alongside an analysis of fungal contamination in walnut kernels from the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Hungary. Through a dual culture assay, well diffusion assay, and fungal population study, the experiments provide compelling evidence of the biocontrol potential of these agents and highlight the global challenge posed by fungal pathogens in walnut production. Dual culture assay demonstrated that Trichoderma strains TR04 and TR05 significantly curtailed Penicillium growth on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates, likely through mycoparasitism and antibiosis, as evidence by reduced Penicillium colony sizes compared to control. The well diffusion assay confirmed chitosan’s effectiveness, with 0.5% and 1% (w/v) solutions producing clear zones of inhibition, attributed to disruption of fungal cell integrity or spore germination suppression. Fungal population analysis revealed that Penicillium and Aspergillus species dominated the microbial profiles of both Kurdistan and Hungarian walnuts, even in visually healthy kernels, indicating a widespread contamination issue with potential mycotoxin risks. These findings validate Trichoderma and chitosan as sustainable biocontrol tools for managing Penicillium in walnuts, offering eco-friendly alternatives of chemical treatment. The prevalence of Penicillium and Aspergillus across regions underscores the need for proactive, globally coordinated strategies to ensure walnut safety and quality. Recommendations include integrating Trichoderma and chitosan into walnut production, enhancing fungal monitoring, pursuing further research to optimize biocontrol applications, and fostering international collaboration to address fungal challenges effectively. The walnut samples offer divers opportunities for food applications, with TEKI and KOKI excelling in dry matter and TPC, TEKO leading in flavonoids, and KOKO providing consistency. PEKO and PEKI, while less distinguished, remain viable for general uses, though PEKI requires processing improvements. By aligning product development, quality control, and labeling with these profiles, stakeholders can optimize nutritional and commercial outcomes. TEKI and KOKI, with high dry matter and TPC, are prime candidates for antioxidant rich, premium products, while TEKO’s flavonoid richness suits functional foods. KOKO’s uniformity supports low fat applications, and PEKO is best for general uses. PEKI’s variability and lower content require processing enhancements. Recommendations include stringent quality control for TEKO, clear nutritional labeling to emphasize KOKI and TEKO’s antioxidant benefits, and further research to address variability and explore functional properties, ensuring these samples meet diverse market needs. The elemental analysis demonstrates that PEKI and PEKO exhibited the highest levels of key elements, indicating rich profile. TEKI excelled in copper and magnesium, while KOKO led in iron and showed consistent calcium and zinc content. KOKI had lower magnesium and calcium and TEKO recorded the lowest potassium with higher variability in phosphorus and calcium. Dry matter adjusted values highlighted PEKI’s nutrient density and KOKI’s lower magnesium. The absence of detectable toxic elements confirms the samples’ safety, supporting their use in nutrient dense food products, with PEKI and PEKO ideal for health focused applications and KOKO suited for consistent formulations.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Investigation of Sample Preparation Method for the Elemental Analysis of Milk PowderBartolome, Diane; Kovacs, Bela; Varallyay, Szilvia; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarImportance of a good analysis must be emphasized especially when concerning possible presence of toxic elements and/or heavy metals in milk powder. Wherein, contamination can take place anytime during processing through contact with the equipment, packaging, storage, and transport, or from the raw milk itself. How the sample was prepared prior to analysis can leave a great impact. Therefore, observing the effects or its lack of, when the parameters are varied during the sample preparation procedure could be of great interest in terms of the probability of being able to evaluate the productivity and efficiency of the method, which could save cost, time, and energy. The method will involve an open wet digestion system. The following parameters will be investigated during the experiment: type of acid for digestion, weight of the sample, volume of the acid and hydrogen peroxide used, time and temperature of the pre-digestion and main digestion processes. The elemental analysis will be made using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Statistical computation will be made to compare the result of the analysis to find the optimal condition for this method.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Kísérleti modell fejlesztése áteresztőbél-szindróma kezelésére növényi kivonatokkalTakács, Veronika; Máthé, Endre; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarAz áteresztőbél-szindróma egy olyan betegség, mely időseket és ételérzékenyeket, krónikus betegeket, azaz veszélyeztetett fogyasztói csoportokat egyaránt érint. A belek egészségének megőrzése fontos, hogy megelőzzünk krónikus betegségeket. Ecetmuslicán végzett állatkísérletekben négy növény kivonatát választottam, fekete epret, kábító hánytatógyökeret, jóféle sáfrányt és orvosi zsályát, melyeknek bár magas az antioxidáns-tartalmuk, nem tipikusan emésztőrendszeri bántalmakra alkalmazott gyógynövények, és a népi gyógyászatban sem használták őket erre. Kísérleteim alacsony elemszáma miatt nem volt kimutatható szignifikáns javulás a kivonatokkal való kezelés hatására, azonban sikerrel jártunk egy áteresztőbél-szindróma vizsgálatára alkalmas módszer kidolgozásában.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Elemental Composition and Nutritional Profiling of Sesame Seed Paste (Tahini) from Diverse Origins Using ICP-OESAljeratly, Ali; Czipa, Nikolett; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis thesis presents a comprehensive investigation into the nutritional profile, safety characteristics, and regulatory framework surrounding tahini (sesame paste), a traditional Middle Eastern food product increasingly recognized for its health-promoting properties. Through an integrative approach that combines literature analysis and laboratory-based elemental profiling using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICPOES), the study examines tahini samples from diverse geographic origins, including Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Egypt, and a Non-EU manufacturer in Germany. Tahini is explored not only as a staple of culinary heritage but also as a nutritionally dense food with significant potential as a plant-based protein and mineral source. Findings from the elemental analysis highlight considerable variability in macro- and microelement concentrations among samples, suggesting the influence of raw material quality, seed variety, and processing methods. Notably, high levels of calcium, phosphorus, and iron position tahini as a valuable component in vegetarian and vegan diets. The literature review underscores tahini’s role in cultural gastronomy, historical use, and functional food applications. It also identifies key safety concerns, particularly contamination with Salmonella spp., mycotoxins, and heavy metals, which have prompted food recalls and the introduction of strict EU import regulations. Codex Alimentarius and Regulation (EU) 2019/1793 are evaluated as benchmarks for food safety compliance (EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2023). The thesis further reviews modern and traditional tahini production practices, examining their impact on nutritional integrity and sensory quality. Emphasis is placed on factors such as roasting conditions, seed dehulling, and emulsification, which directly influence product stability and consumer acceptability. The role of sesame bioactives - lignans, sesamin, sesamolin, and antioxidants - is explored in the context of tahini’s health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects. In conclusion, the study affirms tahini’s dual importance as both a traditional cultural food and a modern functional food ingredient. It advocates for improved production standards, safety controls, and nutritional profiling in the global sesame value chain to ensure quality, sustainability, and consumer trust.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN INTENSIVELY AND EXTENSIVELY CULTURED COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio)Daud, Ibrahim Abdi; Kovács, Béla Róbert; Fehér, Milán; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarFish is a valuable source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, proteins, and essential elements. The consumption of fish worldwide increased from 9.9 kg in the 1960s to 19.7 kg in 2013, indicating a growing demand for fish, as demonstrated by the rapid growth of aquaculture. Common carp farming ranks as the world's third most extensive and economically significant species in freshwater. However, fish may be a significant source of human exposure to potentially harmful heavy metals due to increased aquatic pollution from industrial discharge, household waste, agricultural runoff, mine drainage, and unintentional oil spills. This study aimed to compare the differences in heavy metal accumulation between the liver, muscle, and gonad tissues of intensively and extensively cultured common carp and to determine which culture system is more contaminated. The fish tissues were analyzed for heavy metals (Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, Chromium, Molybdenum, Manganese, Aluminum, Nickel, Cobalt, and Iron) using ICP-MS type XSeriesII. The results indicated that the liver exhibited the highest concentration of all the heavy metals, except for selenium, which had the highest concentration in the gonad tissues, followed by the fillets, while the liver showed the lowest concentration. The accumulation pattern observed was liver > muscle > gonad for Pb, Cr, Cu, and Al. Conversely, Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, and Mo demonstrated a liver > gonad > muscle pattern, while for selenium, a gonad > muscle > liver pattern was noted. Arsenic concentration remained below the detection limit in all tissues of the differently cultured fish. Several heavy metal concentrations in the tissues of intensively cultured common carp exceeded the permissible limits set by EC (EC) 2023/915, WHO/FAO, and US EPA more than the extensively cultured fish tissues. This study, therefore, concludes that intensive culture is more contaminated than the extensive system. However, the study also recommends further research to identify the sources of contamination in intensive systems.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető The role of garlic and black garlic as raw materials in functional foods: A reviewPreniqi, Blend; Prokisch, József; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis thesis is concerned about the nutritional and functional potential of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its fermented counterpart, black garlic, emphasizing their growing importance in the development of functional foods. As the global requirements for health-promoting dietary components increases, garlic and black garlic have emerged as prominent candidates due to their bioactive compounds and broad-spectrum health benefits. Both garlic and black garlic possess nutritional and medicinal properties, which are discussed in the thesis project.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Determining the Effect of Irrigation Method on Soil and YieldOwanga, Winnie; Szőllősi, Nikolett; Zsembeli, József; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis thesis investigated how drip and sprinkler irrigation methods influenced soil and crop performance in the semi-arid, saline conditions of Karcag, Hungary. It focused on five vegetable crops: zucchini, tomato, green pepper, beans, and sweet corn. The research aimed to examine the effects of these irrigation methods on soil moisture, salinity, chlorophyll content, and crop productivity. It was explained that assessing water use efficiency and sustainability under these environmental conditions was a central objective. The study was intended to support improved irrigation practices in salt-affected and water-limited regions.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető ADAPTATION AND MAINTAINING PROGRESS OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT AN ENTERPRISE IN KYRGYZSTANLim, Angelina; Szőllősi, Nikolett; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarOn the whole, this research investigates the practical implementation of two Kyrgyz companies—Semeynye Traditsii (ice cream maker) and Ak-Alman LLC (fish product manufacturer)—whose ISO 22000 and HACCP food safety management systems were observed in use. The topic was selected since, in emerging nations, worldwide food safety recommendations for small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) become even more important. Both companies are under greater and more pressure to follow world standards as export and market credibility depend on it. Evaluating operational impact, understanding motivations, assessing certification readiness, and comparing challenges between the two businesses were the key objectives of the study. The study took a qualitative approach depending on in-depth interviews conducted between late 2024 and spring 2025. The two case study companies were selected according to varying degrees of ISO implementation. Semeynye Traditsii was in early planning whereas Ak-Alman LLC had completed internal audits and set ISO-compliant policies previously. Data was gathered via semi-structured interviews; they were then thematically evaluated and interpreted in view of ISO standards, internal control points, manufacturing quality, and strategic planning. Important findings revealed that Ak-Alman gained much from fast adoption supported by an experienced outside consultant. Among the quantifiable improvements the business accomplished were a 20–25% expansion in customer base and longer product shelf life. Semeynye Traditsii stressed laboratory modernization, improved traceability, and future certification as means of export expansion, though less developed in application. Neither company considered ISO as a formality; rather, it was a calculated investment. The main outcome of the comparison is that progressive integration of food safety culture, professional support, and leadership commitment define most of the achievement of ISO certification. The main advise is that Kyrgyz SMEs should consider artificial implementation strategies supported by continuous training and, if at all possible, access to certified outside consultants.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Modelling heavy metal (Copper and Zinc) mobility in soil with difference land uses in Debrecen, Hungary using HYDRUS environmentCharuni Sewwandi Kumari, Ellewaththe Arachchillage; Nagy, Péter Tamás; Magyar, Tamás; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis study modeled the mobility of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in soils with different land uses (agricultural, industrial, and urban) in Debrecen, Hungary, using the HYDRUS environment. Soil samples were analyzed for texture, porosity, moisture, hydraulic conductivity, and water retention, with sandy loam identified as the dominant texture. Laboratory soil column experiments showed that super absorbent polymers were more effective in reducing Zn mobility than Cu, especially in sandy soils. Irrigation with contaminated water led to higher metal concentrations in upper soil layers, with pollutant levels increasing with dosage and frequency. The Predictable Environmental Concentration (PEC) modeling showed that regular or continuous leachate application significantly raises Cu concentrations in the soil, posing a risk of groundwater contamination. The study concluded that while one-time applications may be tolerable, repeated leachate discharge must be strictly controlled through regulatory measures.