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Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Quality Assurance Framework for Cocoa Powder Beverage ProductionJayallan, Yuwaraaj; Pusztahelyi, Tünde; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis thesis proposes a comprehensive Quality Assurance (QA) framework for cocoa powder beverage production, addressing the need for consistent quality and safe production in this growing industry. The framework integrates Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and comprehensive risk assessment guides to improve the efficiency throughout the production process. The proposed framework offers a valuable model for cocoa powder beverage manufacturers seeking to optimize quality, protect consumer health, and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Comprehensive analysis of super absorbent polymers effects in diverse soil types.Barrero Rubiano, Ferney Adriano; Nagy, Péter Tamás; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarIn response to the challenges facing global agriculture, this study explores the potential efficacy of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) specifically Stockosorb and Zeba, on three distinct soil types: Sandy Soil, Meadow Chernozem, and Calcareous Chernozem. Through the application of varying SAP doses, the research aims to evaluate their impact on critical soil parameters including pH, Electroconductivity, Nitrate, and Ammonium content. Moreover, it investigates their role in extending water retention, mitigating crop wilting, and reducing water consumption. It is noted that higher concentrations of SAPs do not necessarily yield superior results; rather, the study underscores the importance of considering the relationship between SAP absorption capacity and the water uptake ability by plants. This understanding is essential for informed decision-making in agricultural practices. Conducted in the greenhouse facilities at the Institute of Water and Environmental Management of the University of Debrecen during March 2024, the findings highlight Zeba treatment at a concentration of 0.5 g/kg of soil as a promising approach under the conditions evaluated for enhancing agricultural sustainability and escalating water scarcity challenges.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Dynamic Interaction Between Extreme Climatic Events and Maize Production in South Africa: Comprehensive Research on A Regional ScaleLetswamotse, Tshepiso; Mohammed, Safwan; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThe study sought to ascertain the effects of agricultural drought on South African maize production. Rainfall-based Standardized Precipitation Index is used at the 3-month (SPI-3) and 6-month (SPI-6) scales to assess the drought trends over a 30-year period (1993-2022) and Standardized Yield Residual Series (SYRS), which was associated with SPI-3 and SPI-6 was calculated to provide the country's real yield loss intensity and percentage at the provincial level. To evaluate the drought resilience of maize crop on a provincial level ,the Crop-Drought Resilience Factor is calculated for the driest year of the crop's growing season. Analysis reveals dynamic shifts in agricultural drought occurrences and its impact on maize yield over 30 years.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető The effect of washing for the shelf-life parameters of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)Shahriyari Ansaroudi, Rana; Karaffa, Erzsébet Mónika; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarAs a member of the Goosefoot family, spinach (Spinacia oleraceae L.) is widely recognized for its vivid green foliage and multipurpose nature in the realm of food. It is highly regarded for its nutritional density, which comprises significant quantities of phytonutrients, vitamins, and minerals. The produce business commonly utilizes sodium hypochlorite or chlorine solutions as the primary disinfection agents. Nevertheless, they generate chlorinated by-products that have the potential to be harmful to people (Pahariya et al. 2022). So, the contemporary food industry's transition towards minimally processed ingredients has emphasized the criticality of prolonging the shelf life of spinach while preserving its nutritional value and freshness. Nevertheless, there are notable obstacles that have emerged regarding the presence of microorganisms, particularly those generated by harmful bacteria like Salmonella and Escherichia coli. The aim of this thesis was to assess the efficacy of using a 0.5% citric acid solution to wash spinach in order to reduce microbiological contamination and enhance shelf-life characteristics, therefore maintaining quality attributes during storage. By doing so, it attempts to fill important gaps in industry practices and consumer safety and offer empirical support for the implementation of sustainable preservation methods. Moreover, it addresses the changing demands of industry stakeholders and consumers. The research entailed the utilization of diverse techniques to prepare spinach leaves for microbial analysis. The leaves were washed with citric acid and sterile water, dried, and stored at different temperatures. Enumeration of yeast and molds, detection of E. coli and coliforms, and determination of the total microbial population comprised the microbial investigations. Total bacterial growth was determined using the pour plate method and PCA media culture; dishes containing fewer than 150 colonies were chosen for enumeration. whereas the spread-plate technique was utilized for determining yeast and mold content with DRBC media culture. the population of E. coli was determined using TBX media culture and the use of the pour plate method. The chlorophyll meter SPAD-502 was employed to determine the relative chlorophyll content of spinach. The TA.XTPlus Texture Analyzer was employed to ascertain the tensile strength and firmness of spinach leaves, attributes that are indicative of their freshness. Carotenoids, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b content were measured utilizing spectrophotometrically at wavelengths of 480, 647, and 664 nanometers. The outcomes of the data analysis, which was conducted with SPSS, were contrasted through a variety of tests like the Kruskall-Wallis test. The initial significant reduction in total microbial contamination was observed on day zero and also during storage until the 4th day, attributed to citric acid's antimicrobial properties. However, the efficacy of citric acid treatment declined over time, ultimately failing to have any noticeable effect on microorganisms by the seventh day of storage. Regarding yeast and mold content, the reduction in fungal contamination facilitated by citric acid treatment was at a significant level compared to both control and water-washed samples on the zero-day of analysis. However, the extent of this reduction fell short of one lg cfu/g, failing to achieve the requisite reduction to meet the accepted contamination level. However, this disinfection was effective only until the 4th day and then waned afterward. The study also found that citric acid could decrease E. coli contamination immediately after washing but the reduction is not significant. The disinfection effect of this organic acid on E. coli disappears during storage at 12°C. The presence of citric acid did not have a noteworthy impact on the SPAD value of leaves. However, when considering the influence of time and storage duration, increases in the SPAD value of spinach leaves were found. Both unwashed and cleansed samples exhibited a reduction in leaf elasticity throughout the storage period. Throughout the duration of storage, the control samples exhibited a substantial reduction in elasticity than citric-washed samples. Therefore, citric acid emerges as a prospective substitute technique for the cleansing and disinfection of spinach leaves. Carotenoid content increased continuously in the "unwashed" treatment group, suggesting that citric acid might also affect the storage stability of carotenoids. Regarding the discoveries regarding chlorophyll, no significant differences were observed among the control and treated samples during the study period and the full storage term. The average concentration of chlorophyll "b" in spinach leaves remained constant during storage, however, the trend varied for samples that were subjected to citric acid washing. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of citric acid treatment on the quality of spinach maintained at low temperatures. The analysis takes into account sensory qualities, biochemical composition, and microbiological contamination, resulting in a clear understanding of the many effects of citric acid treatment. The primary aim of this research study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of citric acid against common microbial contaminants found in perishable agricultural products, such as E. coli, yeast, and viable bacterial count on spinach leaves. This assessment was conducted both immediately after washing and during a 7-day storage period at a temperature of 4°C. In general, citric acid exhibited satisfactory efficacy in regulating the overall microbial count, as well as yeast and fungi, in spinach samples during refrigerated storage (4±1 C for seven days). Nonetheless, at 12 °C, there was no significant reduction in E. coli. Furthermore, except for insignificant decrease of texture, there were no statistically significant distinctions or adverse effect observed in terms of sensory quality between samples treated with CA, control, and water-rinsed samples. Hence, a single-step cleansing process utilizing 0.5% citric acid (2 minutes at 25 degrees Celsius) proves to be an efficacious, viable, and organic produce-compatible disinfectant for spinach leaves. Moreover, it may serve as a substitute for their conventional cleaning and disinfection technique. The findings of our study indicate that washing methods and the condition of storing can affect its respiration rate, metabolic processes, tissue integrity, and sensory quality. However, it was found that using CA treatment can effectively control foodborne pathogens on fresh spinach leaves immediately following citric acid washing and can maintain its effectiveness for up to four days of storage without negatively impacting the quality of the spinach leaves (Zhou et al. 2023). To improve the effectiveness of citric acid in extending the freshness of spinach leaves, the study suggests implementing the following measures: concentration optimization, evaluation of pre-treatment methods, assessment of integrated approaches, analysis of microbial diversity, and consumer acceptability studies.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Enhancing Viability and Growth of Japanese Quail Eggs through Honey Injection: A Novel Approach to Boosting Immunity.Sallouha, Bensassi; Knop, Renáta; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThe present study was designed to explore and investigate the effects of in-ovo supplementation of honey on hatchability, weight of chicks during the first three weeks of growth, late embryo mortality, and the post-hatch mortality of chicks. In this context, 244 fertile quail eggs were divided into 3 groups. According to these findings, hatchability could be enhanced through in-ovo administration of diluted honey, owing to the supplementary energy source it provides to the chicks. The rise in late embryo mortality in the treated groups underscores the need for greater precision in processing, as well as careful consideration of the duration of egg placement. It remains impressive that mortality during the initial growth phase is low in the treated groups, indicating an enhancement in the chick's immune system. Lastly, regarding weight, it's crucial to further explore possibilities for improvement, as the treatment in this case did not yield enhancements.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Analysing the Effects and Relationship of the Pandemic in Food Waste Generation in European CountriesAlzeidi, Narjis; Magyar, Tamás; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis thesis conducts a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of food waste and loss (FWL) along the international food value chain, highlighting their severe impacts on the environment, society, and economy. It makes a clear distinction between Food Waste (FW) and Food Loss (FL), proposing specific mitigation strategies for each category. The research indicates that annually, approximately 1.3 billion tonnes of food, which represents one-third of all food produced for human consumption, is discarded.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Investigation of Cryphonecteria parasitica at molecular level and examination of potential biological control of the fungusHoque, Rabbi; Tarcali, Gabor; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarChestnuts, a valuable tree in Europe, the US, and Asia, are cultivated for their culinary and therapeutic properties. However, chestnut blight disease, a major biotic agent, has led to the death of almost 50% of orchard trees since its introduction in 1960. Molecular identification of C. parasitica (the causal agent of chestnut blight) has been done in this research with ITS and TEF primers. The use of antagonistic microbes for biological control may be an effective solution for chestnut blight canker, in this case, eight different Trichoderma species were tested against virulent and hypovirulent samples of C. parasitica, with six showing good biocontrol and inhibition against the pathogens. This study highlights the effectiveness of antagonist fungi in treating chestnut blight canker.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Esterase Activity of Various Strains of Lactiplantibacillus and Loigolactobacillus Genera for Zearalenone DegradationYuzansa , Syahadana Putra; Pusztahelyi , Tünde; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThe research aim is to study esterase production and the effect of heat treatment on the esterase activity of LAB and also to test LAB esterase for zearalenone degradation. This experiment will provide data on the impact of temperature on the esterase activity of the mentioned LAB strains. This experiment's results can also be used as a reference for the next step to determine more effective usage of LAB species, especially with high esterase activity as a zearalenone degradation agent.Tétel Embargó alatt Investigation of the Effects of Variable pH & CO2 Injection on the Biomass Growth of Chlorella vulgaris for Sustainable Microalgae CultivationAmalina, Nadya Nurul; Magyar, Tamás; Nagy, Péter Tamás; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarMicroalgae, photosynthetic organisms that produce organic compounds from carbon fixation, are increasingly important for sustainability and achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, their production is limited due to nutritional and environmental conditions like pH and CO2 concentration in nutrient solutions. This research investigated the growth of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae under different pH levels and CO2 injections. Results showed that all chemical parameters showed a decreasing tendency under different conditions. The highest biomass growth was achieved with CO2 injections, with the highest chlorophyll concentration. However, the injected CO2 significantly decreased the microalgae activity rate. Variable pH also had a significant effect on biomass growth, with neutral pH (7) resulting in the highest chlorophyll concentration. Alkaline pH (9.6, 10.2, and 11.0) could stimulate biomass increase in the first 10 days. Combining CO2 injection with an alkaline pH nutrient solution could shorten cultivation time and increase biomass generation, contributing to sustainability.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Húsz aminosav tartalmú növénykondicionáló készítmények és kombinációs lombtrágya partnereik termésnövelő hatásának vizsgálata és a gombafertőzések kórtani bonifikációja az őszi káposztarepce, őszi búza, napraforgó és kukorica kultúrákbanBalogh, Lőrinc; Ábrahám , Éva Babett; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarAz alapvető élelmiszerbiztonság és a fenntartható mezőgazdaság kihívásai manapság számos olyan innovatív megoldást követelnek, amelyek úgy növelik meg a terméshozamot, hogy eközben jelentős mértékben minimalizálják a környezeti stresszhatásokat és a természeti erőforrások kihasználását. Az egyik ilyen megoldás a növények aminosavakkal történő ellátása. Az aminosavak mára már több tudományágazatban is széles körben ismertek az élőlények táplálkozásában játszott fontos szerepükről, és az utóbbi években kiemelten növekvő fókusz irányul a növénytermesztésben való egyre hatékonyabb alkalmazásukra. Ez a szakdolgozat az aminosavak potenciális termésfokozó hatását vizsgálja a növénytermesztés területén.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Effective colonization of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia through self liquid culture mediaKosumi, Fjolle; Seresné Törős , Gréta; Peles, Ferenc; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis study aims to explore the growth of P. ostreatus mycelium using mushroom liquid-based culture media. The experiment was conducted using mushroom liquid produced in the laboratory from oyster mushrooms and white button mushrooms. The study evaluated the colonization rate, mycelial density, produced biomass, and incubation conditions. The results showed that mushroom extract liquid has great potential as a culture medium for the cultivation of P. ostreatus mycelium. It promotes faster growth rate and higher biomass content, which maximizes the yield of P. ostreatus mycelium. Moreover, this mushroom extract liquid can be used as a valuable resource for the production of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial and prebiotic properties. It can also be used for further research and application in the food industry.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Juglans regia L. (Green Walnut) plant extract and sensory evaluation of green walnut bee productThengum Thaikkal, Murshid; Kovács , Béla Róbert; Mukarram Sheikh , Ayaz; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThrough the reduction of silver ions by phytochemicals present in green walnut extract, silver nanoparticles of controlled size and morphology can be synthesized. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized using techniques such as TEM, XRD, and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and to analyze their properties. This green synthesis approach aligns with the growing demand for environment-friendly and biocompatible nanomaterials. The sensory analysis of green walnut bee products, produced by feeding honey bees with green walnut feed, provides valuable insights into the unique sensory characteristics and potential qualities of this specialized honey variety. Through careful evaluation of different sensory parameters, this study sheds light on the sensory profile and consumer appeal of green walnut bee productsTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető INTERACTION IMPACT OF DROUGHT STRESS, NUTRIENT DEFICIENT WATER AND SEED-BORNE PATHOGEN (Alternaria alternata) OF GERMINATION AND VIGOR OF TWO TOMATO VARIETIESNguyen Thi Y, Nhi; László, Radócz; Mohunnad, Massimi; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis study evaluated not only the seedling performance of two tomato varieties (Marmande and Kecskeméti Jubelium) under irrigation with nutrient-deficient water and drought stress but also salicylic acid application on alleviating seed-borne disease of tomato caused by Alternaria alternata. Results indicated that The outcome indicated that the Kecskeméti Jubileum demonstrated a higher degree of growth in certain environmental parameters, although both Kecskeméti Jubileum and Marmande cultivars can germinate in the condition of nutrient-deficient water. Nevertheless, when applying levels of drought, the Marmande variety had a higher viability rate of 62.5% in comparison with another variety, and the germination rate of the two tomato varieties is at 85.5% in 5% but decreased progressively when exposed to a higher drought concentration of 10%. When using 3 ml of salicylic acid during germination stages, the seedling vigor index of Marmande shows a greater index at 165 in comparison to Kecskeméti Jubelium just 108 under the infection of Alternaria alternata.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Investigating the potential of the introduction of sustainable solid waste management in Lao PDRYangchengky, Sousisark; Magyar, Tamás; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarInvestigating the potential of introducing sustainable solid waste management practices is crucial.This study aims to quantify and qualify municipal solid waste in Lao PDR using a local household of six adults and two children as an example. By considering the waste hierarchy, the study promotes sustainable waste management. Eight waste samples were collected and sorted into 13 categories based on composition and the size of each categoryTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Studies on noctuidae pests in Sughd region of TajikistanNasriddinov, Amriddin; Nagy , Antal; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThe use of attractive semiochemicals such as sex-pheromones and plant volatiles as bait of insect traps increasing the captures is a promising method for increasing the efficiency and provide alternative methods to the application of synthetic insecticides.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Quality control of the Sage(Salvia Officinalis) extractZeqiri, Blerta; Mathe, Endre; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThe thesis explores the complex biochemical composition of sage extracts, presenting the precise interaction between polyphenolic and flavonoid chemicals that give this plant remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial qualities. The research emphasizes the therapeutic potential of sage extracts in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and chronic diseases, based on spectrophotometric analysis and research comparisons with other plant sources. Moreover, studies on the nutritional impact of Sage Gemmotherapy extract (GTE) on the survival of Drosophila melanogaster under various dietary circumstances show promising outcomes. The GTEs, rich in bioactive compounds like polyphenols, flavonoids, amino acids, and vitamins, exhibit notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, enhancing larval and adult survival rates. The thesis advocates for further research to optimize GTE concentrations, explore nutritional benefits, ensure regulatory compliance, and probe into potential applications. Moreover, strict quality control measures are implemented to ensure the consistency and purity of the Sage GTE extract, enhancing the credibility and reliability of the findings while facilitating regulatory adherence.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Hazard analysis and chemical risk assessment in chocolate productionWahbe, Razan; Czipa, Nikolett; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarChocolate is celebrated not only for its delightful flavor but also for its soothing effects and health benefits, including its high antioxidant content. Its production is largely based in tropical regions, particularly West Africa, and involves critical quality control measures such as Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) to ensure safety and quality during manufacturing, specifically in the context of milk chocolate production. In a study examining milk chocolate, 11 samples from various manufacturers and countries were analyzed for their elemental composition, focusing on both macroelements (like Ca, K, Mg) and microelements (such as Cu, Fe, and Zn). The study found that the concentration of macroelements was highest in chocolate from brand 7, while brand 11 had the lowest levels; similarly, brand 8 had the highest microelement concentration, with brand 11 again having the lowest. Copper and phosphorus were identified as having the highest nutritional contributions among the elements analyzed, while zinc contributed the least. The risk evaluation from the study indicated that all chocolate samples had safety margins, suggesting that consuming even three bars does not pose significant health risks, thus affirming the safety of these milk chocolate products.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető EXAMINATION OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION IN BABY FOODS: CONTRIBUTION TO NRVs AND CHEMICAL RISK ASSESSMENTKryeziu, Ardit; Czipa, Nikolett; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThis study aims to examine the element content in baby foods recommended for babies aged 4 to 12 months. This study involves the utilization of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) for examining the concentration of macroelements (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S), microelements (Ba, B, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Sr, Co, Ni, Se, Mo, Cr) and toxic elements (Al, Cd, Hg, Pb, As).Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Fortification of wheat bread with red grape pomace powder: Physicochemical and Sensory analysisShala, Donjeta; Alexa, Lorand; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarModern food industries are increasingly focused on repurposing agricultural by-products to minimize waste and enhance nutritional value through techniques like fortification. In our study, we aimed to create a new product formula by enriching wheat bread with red grape pomace powder. Besides the control sample, products were prepared by substituting 5; 10; 15; 20; 25 and 30% of the wheat flour with the dried, ground pomace of Kékfrankos grape variety. The analysis was focusing on determining both physicochemical parameters and conducting sensory analysis. Our results, statistically analyzed and presented in tables and graphs, cover key metrics such as mean values, standard deviations, and coefficients of variance. We explored various physicochemical parameters including acid level, texture, dry matter content, protein content, fiber content, total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content, and elemental composition as well as the sensory assessment. Our result showed that the enrichment by grape pomace holds promise in enhancing food products, particularly in providing antioxidant boost, fiber enrichment, mineral fortification (micro and macroelements), and protein enhancement. Continued research and innovation in this area could unlock further opportunities for utilization.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Analysis of physico-chemical composition, nutritional impact, and health risk assessment of rosé wines from different Hungarian wine regionsRivera, Geremie; Czipa, Nikolett; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási KarThe objective of this study was to analyse the physico-chemical composition, nutritional impact, and health risk assessment of rosé wines manufactured from Hungarian wine regions: Balatonboglár, Eger, and Villány. The parameters measured were pH, sugar content, total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC), and element content (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Al, B, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sr, Zn). The highest pH, sugar content, TPC, and FC were measured in Balatonboglár wines, as well as the highest concentrations for K, Mg, Na, Al, Mn, and Sr. Eger wines obtained the highest Ca, B, and Ba contents, whereas Villány wines showed the highest P, S, Cu, Fe, and Zn contents. None of the rosé wine samples presented significant health risks based on the risk assessment.