Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) is a common disease that affects people all over the world. This thesis gives a comprehensive analysis of previous research on the many causes of OME, including anatomical, and physiological variables, as well as symptoms and treatments. However, the focus is specifically on the impact of inserting ventilation tubes, and to understand the mechanisms of how it works, evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ventilation tubes, often known as grommets, in the management of OME. The impact on hearing outcomes, and the rates of recurrence of OME after grommet insertion was also researched. Not only does the thesis aim to use a combination of practical facts and critical analysis to get insights into the most effective use of ventilation tubes as a therapy approach for OME, but also to give an understanding into the complications accompanying the use of grommets. The surgical procedure, types, materials used in grommets has also been researched